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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Two-photon absorption in photonic nanowires made from photonic crystals

Mahi R. Singh

Published Aug 27, 2009• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have studied the phenomenon of two-photon absorption in photonic nanowires doped with an ensemble of four-level nanoparticles. The photonic nanowire is made from two photonic crystals, A and B, where A is embedded in B. Photons are confined in the nanowire due to the band structure engineering of photonic crystals. It is considered that one of the resonance levels of nanoparticles lies near a photon-bound state of the nanowire. The two-photon absorption coefficient has been calculated using the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. It is found that there is an inhibition of two-photon absorption in the system. This is due to the strong coupling between nanoparticles and the nanowire.

DOI
10.1364/josab.26.001801

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We have studied the quantum optics of a photonic quantum nanowire doped with an ensemble of three-level nanoparticles.The wire is made from two photonic crystals A and B. Crystal A is embedded within crystal B and acts as a photonic nanowire.It is considered that the conduction band of crystal A lies below that of crystal B. As a result, photons are confined in crystal A and are reflected from crystal B. The bound states of the confined photons are calculated using the transfer matrix method.It is found that the number of bound states in the wire depends on the size of the wire and the energy difference between the conduction band extrema of crystals A and B. The absorption coefficient of the system has also been calculated using the Schrödinger equation method.It is considered that the nanoparticles interact with the photonic bound states.Numerical simulations show that when one of the resonance energies lies near the bound state, the system becomes transparent.However, when the resonance energy lies away from the bound state the crystal reverts to an absorbing state.Similarly, when the radius of the dielectric spheres is changed the location of the transparency peak is shifted.This means that the present system can be switched between two states by changing the size of the wire and the transition energy.These findings can be used to make new types of optical devices.
We study the two-photon switching mechanism in photonic crystal nanowires doped with an ensemble of nanoparticles. Nanowires are made from embedding one crystal into another. The energy spectrum of the embedded crystal is higher than that of the outer photonic crystal. The nanoparticles are interacting with bound states and with each other. The photon absorption coefficients have been calculated in the presence of a probe and a pump laser fields. Two transparent and absorption states are found. We anticipate that the present research can be used to make new types of all-photonic devices.
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A theory of nonlinear phenomena has been developed for a photonic crystal in the presence of a pump and a coupling laser field. The crystal is doped with an ensemble of four-level nanoparticle impurities. It is considered that the impurity particles are not only interacting with the photonic crystal but also with each other via dipole-dipole interaction. An expression for the susceptibility has been obtained using the density matrix method. The nonlinear effects due to the coupling and the pump fields have been included in the formulation. The absorption spectrum has been calculated in the presence of the strong coupling and pump fields for an isotropic photonic crystal made from dielectric spheres. The photonic crystal has a gap to midgap ratio of about 21%. It is predicted that the absorption spectrum in the photonic crystal can have zero, one, two or three absorptionless states by tuning one of the transition energies within the bands. This is an interesting phenomenon which can be used to make photonic switching devices. We have also calculated the absorption spectrum in the presence of the dipole-dipole interaction. It is found that a symmetric absorption spectrum changes to an asymmetric one due to this interaction. It is also found that there is a large enhancement in the absorption and the dispersion simultaneously for certain values of the detuning and concentration.
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