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International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications (DS-RT)

A 802.11 MAC Protocol Adaptation for Quantum Communications

Constancio Miguel Arizmendi, J. P. Barrangu, Omar Gustavo Zabaleta

Published Oct 1, 2012• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work, a novel medium access control method for classical and quantum communications purposes is proposed. Quantum communications promise secure ways to send valuable information, therefore quantum-device network and quantum medium access control methods which avoids information loss will be necessary. On the other hand, excessive colliding transmissions in congested situations are a problem for classical wireless communications. Quantum parallelism and quantum multipartite entanglement are exploited to design a MAC sub layer which provides the devices a fair and efficient access to the channel.

DOI
10.1109/ds-rt.2012.28

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In this work, a novel medium access control method for classical and quantum communications purposes is proposed. Quantum communications promise secure ways to send valuable information, therefore quantum-device network and quantum medium access control methods which avoids information loss will be necessary. On the other hand, excessive colliding transmissions in congested situations are a problem for classical wireless communications. Quantum parallelism and quantum multipartite entanglement are exploited to design a MAC sub layer which provides the devices a fair and efficient access to the channel.
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Quantum mechanics has been around since the early 1900s and computers made their first appearance in the late 1930s. In the decades after that, the two came together to bring about quantum computing. A sub field of quantum computing is quantum communications, the ability to transmit a quantum state from one place to another. This communication takes place between two entities. Communication over a classic network involves many entities each vying for network time. This is done through various network protocols, one of them being Medium Access Control (MAC). Although quantum computing is currently a one-to-one medium, it's properties can be used to assist the MAC protocol to enhance it's current abilities. In this thesis, we propose two different quantum communication assisted MAC protocols to achieve shared communication over a classic network. These protocols are based on quantum entanglement principles and contention-free collision avoidance algorithms.
Medium access control (MAC) is an important part of wireless telecommunication systems. The main goal of a MAC protocol is to provide the best usage of the common resources for the users. One of these resources is typically the communication channel. By quantum informatics and computation - that gain more and more attention - some calculations and algorithms may become more efficient. The possible implementation of a quantum based system would lead us to great benefits, by applying it to an already existing problem. We give a model for medium access control via quantum methods
Multipartite entanglement plays a crucial role for the design of the Quantum Internet, due to its potentiality of significantly increasing the network performance. In this paper, we design an entanglement access control protocol for multipartite state, which exhibits several attractive features. Specifically, the designed protocol is able to jointly extract in a distributed way an EPR pair from the original multipartite entangled state shared by the set of network nodes, and to univocally determines the identities of the transmitter node and the receiver node in charge of using the extracted EPR pair. Furthermore, the protocol avoids to delegate the signaling arising with entanglement access control to the classical network, with the exception of the unavoidable classical communications needed for EPR extraction and qubit teleportation. Finally, the protocol supports the anonymity of the entanglement accessing nodes.
SUMMARY The efficiency of medium access control strongly influences the performance of distributed wireless networks. Collisions in the channel and unused timeslots result in poor performance. On the other hand, quantum superdense coding proved that entanglement‐assisted quantum communications can improve the data transmission rates compared with classical systems. It allows sending two classical bits from one party to another in exchange of one quantum bit and a pre‐shared entangled Bell pair. This paper introduces a new protocol, which involves a modified version of superdense coding to medium access control of distributed communication systems. Using a pre‐shared entangled Bell pair and one classical bit, 2.5 classical bits can be transmitted in average between the parties in each timeslot. This means not only valuable increase in capacity, but the two‐way distributed operation opens new fields of investigation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resource access represents one of the fundamental challenges in distributed systems, as multiple nodes often compete for limited communication opportunities. For example, WiFi users sharing a common radio channel typically achieve only moderate efficiency. Classical random-access protocols such as Slotted ALOHA and contention-based schemes such as Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA), rely on probabilistic transmission attempts and backoff mechanisms. As a result, both approaches still suffer from collisions, idle periods, and reduced throughput under increasing contention. To address these limitations, this paper simulates a quantum entanglement–based medium access mechanism to demonstrate how shared entanglement can enhance efficiency in distributed resource access. We present a general model involving multiple nodes with adjustable transmission priorities, achieving high efficiency while completely eliminating resource collisions. A comparative evaluation is conducted between Slotted ALOHA, CSMA/CA, and the entanglement-based approach. The results show that the proposed quantum MAC achieves significantly higher throughput and zero collisions compared to classical protocols. Furthermore, the required entangled states can be established in a distributed manner, highlighting the practical feasibility of the proposed solution.