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Optics Letters

Time-to-space conversion of ultrafast waveforms at 155 μm in a planar periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide

Dror Shayovitz, Harald Herrmann, W. Sohler, Raimund Ricken, Christine Silberhorn, Dan M. Marom

Published Nov 8, 2013• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of time-to-space conversion of subpicosecond pulses in a slab nonlinear waveguide. By vertically confining the nondegenerate sum-frequency generation interaction between a spatially dispersed 100 fs signal pulse at 1.55 μm and a reference pulse in a titanium indiffused planar periodically poled lithium niobate crystal waveguide, we have attained a conversion efficiency of 0.1% and a conversion efficiency slope of 4% per watt of reference beam power. This was achieved while maintaining high conversion resolution, with a measured time window of operation of 48 ps resulting in a serial-to-parallel demultiplexing factor of 90.

DOI
10.1364/ol.38.004708

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We report the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of time-to-space conversion of subpicosecond pulses in a slab nonlinear waveguide. By vertically confining the nondegenerate sum-frequency generation interaction between a spatially dispersed 100 fs signal pulse at 1.55 μm and a reference pulse in a titanium indiffused planar periodically poled lithium niobate crystal waveguide, we have attained a conversion efficiency of 0.1% and a conversion efficiency slope of 4% per watt of reference beam power. This was achieved while maintaining high conversion resolution, with a measured time window of operation of 48 ps resulting in a serial-to-parallel demultiplexing factor of 90.
We demonstrate high resolution and increased efficiency background-free time-to-space conversion using spectrally resolved non-degenerate and collinear SFG in a bulk PPLN crystal. A serial-to-parallel resolution factor of 95 and a time window of 42 ps were achieved. A 60-fold increase in conversion efficiency slope compared with our previous work using a BBO crystal [D. Shayovitz and D. M. Marom, Opt. Lett. 36, 1957 (2011)] was recorded. Finally the measured 40 GHz narrow linewidth of the output SFG signal implies the possibility to extract phase information by employing coherent detection techniques.
We demonstrate high resolution and increased efficiency background-free time-to-space conversion using spectrally resolved non-degenerate and collinear SFG in a bulk PPLN crystal. A serial-to-parallel resolution factor of 95 and a time window of 42 ps were achieved. A 60-fold increase in conversion efficiency slope compared with our previous work using a BBO crystal [5] was recorded. Finally the measured 40 GHz narrow linewidth of the output SFG signal implies the possibility to extract phase information by employing coherent detection techniques.
Summary form only given.There been increasing interest in realizing optical signal processing functions in optical communication systems based on nonlinear optical parametric processes. In the proposed ultrashort pulse optical code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems, in order to realize multiplexing and demultiplexing for multichannel operation, a nonlinear element is needed to distinguish between correctly decoded signals and incorrectly decoded multiaccess interference, which have comparable average optical power but carry different spectral information. It had been proposed to realize all-optical recognition of optical phase-coded ultrashort waveforms by using second-harmonic generation in long nonlinear crystals, which could have advantages in contrast ratio, operating power and detection efficiency over other proposed schemes. While high contrast ratios have been demonstrated based on such a scheme using bulk periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystals, the high efficiency has not yet been demonstrated. We use a simple combination of PPLN SHG waveguides and conventional photodetectors to realize all-optical recognition of spectrally phase coded optical pulses, which shows the potential of much higher conversion efficiency compared to previous bulk experiments, which is crucial for real-time operation with a high signal to noise ratio.