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Optics Express

High resolution time-to-space conversion of sub-picosecond pulses at 155µm by non-degenerate SFG in PPLN crystal

Dror Shayovitz, Harald Herrmann, W. Sohler, Raimund Ricken, Christine Silberhorn, Dan M. Marom

Published Nov 19, 2012• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate high resolution and increased efficiency background-free time-to-space conversion using spectrally resolved non-degenerate and collinear SFG in a bulk PPLN crystal. A serial-to-parallel resolution factor of 95 and a time window of 42 ps were achieved. A 60-fold increase in conversion efficiency slope compared with our previous work using a BBO crystal [D. Shayovitz and D. M. Marom, Opt. Lett. 36, 1957 (2011)] was recorded. Finally the measured 40 GHz narrow linewidth of the output SFG signal implies the possibility to extract phase information by employing coherent detection techniques.

DOI
10.1364/oe.20.027388

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We demonstrate high resolution and increased efficiency background-free time-to-space conversion using spectrally resolved non-degenerate and collinear SFG in a bulk PPLN crystal. A serial-to-parallel resolution factor of 95 and a time window of 42 ps were achieved. A 60-fold increase in conversion efficiency slope compared with our previous work using a BBO crystal [D. Shayovitz and D. M. Marom, Opt. Lett. 36, 1957 (2011)] was recorded. Finally the measured 40 GHz narrow linewidth of the output SFG signal implies the possibility to extract phase information by employing coherent detection techniques.
We demonstrate high resolution and increased efficiency background-free time-to-space conversion using spectrally resolved non-degenerate and collinear SFG in a bulk PPLN crystal. A serial-to-parallel resolution factor of 95 and a time window of 42 ps were achieved. A 60-fold increase in conversion efficiency slope compared with our previous work using a BBO crystal [5] was recorded. Finally the measured 40 GHz narrow linewidth of the output SFG signal implies the possibility to extract phase information by employing coherent detection techniques.
We report the first demonstration, to our knowledge, of time-to-space conversion of subpicosecond pulses in a slab nonlinear waveguide. By vertically confining the nondegenerate sum-frequency generation interaction between a spatially dispersed 100 fs signal pulse at 1.55 μm and a reference pulse in a titanium indiffused planar periodically poled lithium niobate crystal waveguide, we have attained a conversion efficiency of 0.1% and a conversion efficiency slope of 4% per watt of reference beam power. This was achieved while maintaining high conversion resolution, with a measured time window of operation of 48 ps resulting in a serial-to-parallel demultiplexing factor of 90.
Summary form only given. Reports quantum noise measurements in a high-efficiency single-pass sum-frequency generation (SFG) system with a mode-locked femtosecond pulse laser in a noncritical type-I phase-matched KNbO/sub 3/ crystal. The conversion efficiency from fundamental pulses (with a center wavelength at 857.7 nm and a broad spectral linewidth >12 nm) to blue light pulses (with a wavelength at 428.8 nm and a narrow spectral linewidth <9.5 nm) can be greater than 60%. Since the phase-matching width of the KNbO/sub 3/ crystal is only about 0.7 nm, the main mechanism for the blue light generation is the SFG from the pairs of frequency components of the fundamental pulses. The quantum noise on the blue light was observed to be 1.0 dB (1.4 dB inferred) below the shot-noise limit in certain condition. To our knowledge, this is the first quantum noise measurement done in strong pump-depletion region.
We propose and demonstrate a high efficiency broadband near infrared single-photon upconversion and detection with a broadband pump laser based on sum frequency conversion in the PPLN crystal. By using a pump laser centered at 1040 nm with a spectral bandwidth of 10 nm, the signal single-photons centered at 1562 nm with a broadband bandwidth up to 7.2 nm are frequency-converted from the near infrared to the visible regime. A maximum conversion efficiency of 18.8% is achieved, while the background noise is measured to be only 1.2 × 10−3 counts/pulse. The corresponding spectral linewidth of the upconverted photons is 0.2 nm. This scheme of broadband infrared single-photon upconversion and detection provides potential solutions in infrared laser ranging, broadband infrared imaging and quantum key distribution.