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Electronics Letters

Optical image encryption using interferometry-basedphase masks

Jong‐Yun Kim, Se-Joon Park, Cheol-Su Kim, Jang-Geun Bae, Soo–Joong Kim

Published May 11, 2000• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new and simple image encryption scheme and optical decoding technique are presented based on the principle of interference. An original image is encoded into two phase-valued images. The interference image between the two images produces a binary image, which has a two-level intensity value. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using computer simulations and optical experiments.

DOI
10.1049/el:20000674

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A new and simple image encryption scheme and optical decoding technique are presented based on the principle of interference. An original image is encoded into two phase-valued images. The interference image between the two images produces a binary image, which has a two-level intensity value. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated using computer simulations and optical experiments.
In this paper, we propose a new optical security technique using two phase masks based on interferometer. A binary random phase image is used as a reference image and the encrypted image is generated according to the phase difference between the reference image and the original image. If there is no phase difference of a same pixel position in two phase masks, interference intensity of the pixel has minimum value and if phase difference of a same pixel position in two phase masks is , its interference intensity has maximum value. We can decrypt the original image by putting two phase masks on each of the two optical paths of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Computer simulation and the optical experiments show a good performance of the proposed optical security system.
In this paper, we proposed an optical encryption method based in the concept of visual cryptography and interferometry. In our method a secret binary image was divided into two sub-images and they were encrypted by ‘XOR’ operation with a random key mask. Finally each encrypted image was changed into phase mask. By interference of these two phase masks the original image was obtained. Compared with general visual encryption method, this optical method had good signal-to-noise ratio due to no need to generate sub-pixels like visual encryption.
In this paper, we propose an improved optical security system using three phase-encoded images and the principle of interference. This optical system based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer consists of one phase-encoded virtual image to be encrypted and two phase-encoded images, en-crypting image and decrypting image, where every pixel in the three images has a phase value of '0'and' π\piπ '. The proposed encryption is performed by the multiplication of an encrypting image and a phase-encoded virtual image which dose not contain any information from the decrypted im-age. Therefore, even if the unauthorized users steal and analyze the encrypted image, they cannot reconstruct the required image. This virtual image protects the original image from counterfeiting and unauthorized access. The decryption of the original image is simply performed by interfering between a reference wave and a direct pixel-to-pixel mapping image of the en crypted image with a decrypting image. Computer simulations confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed optical technique for optical security applications.
A new scheme for parallel optical decryption and the display of encrypted image information is presented. The scheme is based on a common path interferometer configuration providing a simple and robust optical setup. Images are encrypted directly during recording by use of a combined phase encoding and phase scrambling method. The encoding and encryption does not require sophisticated, iterative and time consuming optimization algorithms. Pixels are independently encoded and encrypted by use of a simple look-up table technique that can be performed in milliseconds on a standard personal computer. Optical decryption can subsequently be implemented in the common path interferometer by use of single phase or if desired a combined phase/amplitude key. An advantage of the presented method is that the encrypted image may selectively require recording and decryption of phase values or amplitude values or a combination thereof. Another advantage is that decryption is performed in a plane adjacent to the encrypted mask or an equivalent plane whereby generation of speckles in the decrypted image is strongly suppressed. Finally, there is no requirement of positioning a decrypting mask or spatial light modulator in the optical Fourier plane whereby an accurate three dimensional positioning requirement can be avoided.
Abstract Interference-based optical encryption schemes have an inherent silhouette problem, due to the equipollent nature of the phase-only masks generated from an analytical method. We propose a new interference-based optical image encryption with silhouette removal by amplitude modulation. Different from the previous methods, which require time-consuming iterative computation or post-processing of the phase-only masks for silhouette removal, the proposed method can resolve the problem by adding an amplitude modulating operation on the original image. The introduction of the amplitude modulator can significantly enhance the security of the system, and the silhouette problem inherent in a conventional interference-based encryption method is fully resolved. The design and parameter choice of the amplitude modulator is discussed. Numerical simulations are presented to verify the validity of the proposed method.