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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

An Optical Lattice Clock with Fermionic and Bosonic Sr Atoms

Xavier Baillard, Mathilde Fouché, Rodolphe Le Targat, Philip G. Westergaard, Arnaud Lecallier, Fréderic Chapelet, S. Bize, P. Rosenbusch, Michel Abgrall, Phillipe Laurent, Yann Le Coq, Daniele Rovera, Andr  Clairon, P. Lemonde, B. Lipphardt, Gesine Grosche, H. Schnatz

Published Aug 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report recent experiments performed with our Sr optical lattice clock. With the fermionic isotope87Sr, the clock accuracy approaches 10-15using spin-polarized atoms. We also report the first accuracy evaluation of an optical lattice clock with bosonic atoms, here88Sr.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2007.4391551

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We discuss configurations of optical lattice clocks from the viewpoint of lattice geometries and quantum statistics of interrogated atoms. This leads to two promising schemes; one-dimensional lattice loaded with spin-polarized fermions and three-dimensional lattice loaded with bosons. These two optical lattice clocks based on fermionic87Sr and bosonic88Sr were demonstrated by measuring the frequency stability as well as their isotope shift. In addition, we address our ongoing experimental challenges for optical lattice clocks.
We report on our recent evaluations of stability and accuracy of the JILA Sr optical lattice clock. We discuss precision tools for the lattice clock, including a stabilized clock laser with sub-Hz linewidth, fs-comb based technology allowing accurate clock comparison in both the microwave and optical domains, and clock transfer over optical fiber in an urban environment. High resolution spectroscopy (Q > 2 × 10^14) of lattice-confined, spin-polarized strontium atoms is used for both a high-performance optical clock and atomic structure measurement. Using a Ca optical standard for comparison, the overall systematic uncertainty of the Sr clock is reduced to < 2 × 10^−16
We consider designs of optical lattice clocks in view of the quantum statistics, relevant atomic spins, and atom-lattice interactions. The first two issues lead to two optimal constructions for the clock: a one-dimensional (1D) optical lattice loaded with spin-polarized fermions and a 3D optical lattice loaded with bosons. By taking atomic multipolar interactions with the lattice fields into account, an "atomic motion insensitive" wavelength is proposed to provide a precise definition of the "magic wavelength." We then present a frequency comparison of these two optical lattice clocks: spin-polarized fermionic 87 Sr and bosonic 88 Sr prepared in 1D and 3D optical lattices, respectively. Synchronous interrogations of these two optical lattice clocks by the same probe laser allowed canceling out its frequency noise as a common mode noise to achieve a relative stability of 3 × 10 −17 for an averaging time of τ = 350 s. The scheme, therefore, provides us with a powerful means to investigate intrinsic uncertainty of the clocks regardless of the probe laser stability. We discuss prospects of the synchronous operation of the clocks on the measurement of the geoid height difference and on the search of constancy of fundamental constants.
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