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arXiv:physics/0703148 · Optics Letters

Accuracy evaluation of an optical lattice clock with bosonic atoms

Xavier Baillard, Mathilde Fouché, Rodolphe Le Targat, Philip G. Westergaard, Arnaud Lecallier, Yann Le Coq, Daniele Rovera, S. Bize, P. Lemonde

Published Jun 20, 2007• 100 citations
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Abstract

We report what we believe to be the first accuracy evaluation of an optical lattice clock based on the S01-->P03 transition of an alkaline earth boson, namely, Sr88 atoms. This transition has been enabled by using a static coupling magnetic field. The clock frequency is determined to be 429228066418009(32)Hz. The isotopic shift between Sr87 and Sr88 is 62188135Hz with fractional uncertainty 5x10(-7). We discuss the necessary conditions to reach a clock accuracy of 10(-17) or less by using this scheme.

DOI
10.1364/ol.32.001812

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We describe our experiment which evaluates frequency shifts due to collisions in a 1-D optical lattice clock with88Sr. The atoms in the lattice are probed on the1S0-3P0transition which is highly forbidden but becomes weakly allowed by applying a static homogeneous magnetic field which mixes3P1to the3P0state. Using the method of interleaved stabilization, we have quantified the density dependent shift of the88Sr clock transition. By knowing the coefficient of the shift we can determine optimum conditions under which a 1-D lattice clock with88Sr can be operated with a fractional accuracy of 10-16.
With ultracold 87Srconfined in a magic wavelength optical lattice, we present the most precise study (2.8 Hz statistical uncertainty) to date of the 1S0-3P0 optical clock transition with a detailed analysis of systematic shifts (19 Hz uncertainty) in the absolute frequency measurement of 429 228 004 229 869 Hz. The high resolution permits an investigation of the optical lattice motional sideband structure. The local oscillator for this optical atomic clock is a stable diode laser with its hertz-level linewidth characterized by an octave-spanning femtosecond frequency comb.
We report the observation of the magnetic-field-induced ( 5 d 10 6 s 2 ) S 0 1 − ( 5 d 10 6 s 6 p ) P 0 3 transition in a bosonic isotope of mercury, Hg 198 , realized in an optical lattice clock. We characterize this Hg 198 clock transition at 265.6 nm, determining key features such as the quadratic Zeeman shift, the probe light shift, and the magic frequency. We also report a comparison between the Hg 198 optical lattice clock and Sr 87 . In this comparison, the Hg 198 clock has a relative frequency stability of 6 × 10 − 16 / τ / s and a total relative systematic uncertainty of 6.9 × 10 − 16 . This comparison yields the first direct determination of the Hg 198 / Sr 87 optical frequency ratio: Hg 198 / Sr 87 = 2.629 315 734 684 118 1 , with the same relative uncertainty.
We experimentally investigate an optical clock based on ;{171}Yb (I = 1/2) atoms confined in an optical lattice. We have evaluated all known frequency shifts to the clock transition, including a density-dependent collision shift, with a fractional uncertainty of 3.4 x 10;{-16}, limited principally by uncertainty in the blackbody radiation Stark shift. We measured the absolute clock transition frequency relative to the NIST-F1 Cs fountain clock and find the frequency to be 518 295 836 590 865.2(0.7) Hz.
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