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Physical Review A

Ramsey spectroscopy with nonclassical light sources

G. S. Agarwal, Marlan O. Scully

Published Jan 1, 1996• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A first-principle calculation of the signal and the noise for Ramsey spectroscopy with nonclassical light sources is given. It is found that the signal-to-noise ratio can be enhanced by using fields with sub-Poissonian statistics. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.53.467

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The nonclassical nature of light from a degenerate parametric oscillator is discussed in terms of criteria based on direct photon counting probabilities of light. These criteria do not rely on phase sensitive detection and reveal the nonclassical nature of the field where the conventional criteria based on moments of light intensity (like sub-Poissonian statistics or anti-bunching) fail. We also consider the effect of detector efficiency on the signature of nonclassicality and find that under certain circumstances inefficient detection can enhance nonclassical behavior.
The author reviews methods for generating sub-Poissonian light and related concepts. This light has energy fluctuations reduced below the level which corresponds to a classical Poissonian process (shot-noise level). After an introduction to the concept of nonclassical light, an overview is given of the main methods of quantum-noise reduction. Sub-Poissonian processes are exemplified in different areas of optics, ranging from single-atom resonance fluorescence to nonlinear optics, laser physics, and cavity quantum electrodynamics. Emphasis is placed on the conceptual foundations, and on developments in laser theory that lead to the possibility, already demonstrated experimentally, of linewidth narrowing and sub-Poissonian light generation in lasers and masers. The sources of quantum noise in these devices are analyzed, and four noise-suppression methods are discussed in detail: regularization of the pumping, suppression of spontaneous-emission noise, nonadiabatic evolution of the atomic variables, and twin-beam generation.