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Physical Review Letters

Plasmon-Induced Enhancement of Quantum Interference near Metallic Nanostructures

Vassilios Yannopapas, Emmanuel Paspalakis, Nikolay V. Vitanov

Published Aug 6, 2009• 160 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show that the quantum interference between two spontaneous emission channels can be greatly enhanced when a three-level V-type atom is placed near plasmonic nanostructures such as metallic slabs, nanospheres, or periodic arrays of metal-coated spheres. The spontaneous emission rate is calculated by a rigorous first-principles electromagnetic Green's tensor technique. The enhancement of quantum interference is attributed to the strong dependence of the spontaneous emission rate on the orientation of an atomic dipole relative to the surface of the nanostructure at the excitation frequencies of surface plasmons.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.103.063602

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We show that the quantum interference between two spontaneous emission channels can be greatly enhanced when a three-level V-type atom is placed near plasmonic nanostructures such as metallic slabs, nanospheres, or periodic arrays of metal-coated spheres. The spontaneous emission rate is calculated by a rigorous first-principles electromagnetic Green's tensor technique. The enhancement of quantum interference is attributed to the strong dependence of the spontaneous emission rate on the orientation of an atomic dipole relative to the surface of the nanostructure at the excitation frequencies of surface plasmons.
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We study theoretically the effects of the presence of a plasmonic nanostructure on free-space spontaneous emission in a four-level quantum system, where one V\mathsf{V}V-type transition is influenced by the interaction with surface plasmons and the other V\mathsf{V}V-type transition occurs in free space. The plasmonic nanostructure that we consider is a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres. We show that the spectrum of spontaneous emission in the free-space modes is strongly influenced by the presence of the plasmonic nanostructure, and we explore the dependence of the spectrum on different initial conditions of the quantum system and on the distance from the nanostructure.
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It has been recently shown that the placement of a three-level V\mathsf{V}V-type quantum emitter in the proximity of metallic nanostructures can create dynamics similar to that of quantum interference in spontaneous emission. Here we continue this work and present results on the population dynamics of a three-level V-type quantum emitter for various initial conditions in the presence of a two-dimensional array of metal-coated dielectric nanospheres.
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