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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Phase response characterization of semiconductor saturable absorber for applications in nonlinear optical signal processing and phase-modulated signals regeneration

Lokanath Mishra, An Nguyen, Claudio Porzi, Prasanta Kumar Datta, Antonella Bogoni, Luca Potì

Published Feb 10, 2011• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The phase response of a commercial saturable absorber based on semiconductor quantum wells embedded in a resonant cavity is investigated. The nonlinear absorption change is accompanied by a variation of the spectral phase characteristic. Also, a nonlinear change in the refractive index of the material, induced by the modified carrier density, produces a weak shift in the resonant wavelength of the cavity. These effects can be exploited to realize an optically-controllable phase shifter. Simulations based on a nonlinear model are also carried out in order to investigate the effect of the various cavity parameters and phase response of the device under different operating conditions. The results from this characterization and numerical analysis show that such device can have the potential for practical applications in telecom systems, including dynamic dispersion compensation, tunable nonlinear effects compensation, and nonlinear signal processing and all-optical regeneration of phase-modulated optical signals.

DOI
10.1117/12.875300

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The phase response of a commercial saturable absorber based on semiconductor quantum wells embedded in a resonant cavity is investigated. The nonlinear absorption change is accompanied by a variation of the spectral phase characteristic. Also, a nonlinear change in the refractive index of the material, induced by the modified carrier density, produces a weak shift in the resonant wavelength of the cavity. These effects can be exploited to realize an optically-controllable phase shifter. Simulations based on a nonlinear model are also carried out in order to investigate the effect of the various cavity parameters and phase response of the device under different operating conditions. The results from this characterization and numerical analysis show that such device can have the potential for practical applications in telecom systems, including dynamic dispersion compensation, tunable nonlinear effects compensation, and nonlinear signal processing and all-optical regeneration of phase-modulated optical signals.
A scheme of an all-optical nonlinear phase-shifting element is proposed, based on a reflective vertical cavity semiconductor (quantum-well) saturable absorber (R-VCSSA). The nonlinear round-trip phase shift in a low-intensity resonant VCSSA is obtained at an input intensity due to the saturating nonlinearity in index change and optically induced thermal effects. An enhanced large nonlinear positive or negative phase shift incurred in a reflected signal is investigated analytically with the wavelength tuning of the probe signal around the low-intensity resonant wavelength of a Fabry–Perot cavity. The device may be useful in compensating the phase of an input signal, either positive or negative, in long-haul fiber communications. A representative InGaAs/InP quantum-well-based VCSSA is considered to demonstrate the phase shift in the pump–probe configuration. With a device speed of 10 GHz, maximum phase shifts of −0.24 and +0.14 rad at pump power of 19.2 mW are observed for the operations at probe wavelengths of 1555.6 and 1557.8 nm, respectively.
In this talk we show how slow and fast light effects arising from the nonlinear gain and refractive index dynamics within semiconductor optical amplifiers can be used to control the phase shift of microwave frequency signals. Theoretical predictions with experimental conformation will be shown as to how continuous phase shifting can be achieved and pay particular attention to the noise issue that arises in such phase shifters. Finally, applications of such phase shifters, including realizations of tunable microwave notch filters and tunable optoelectronic oscillators will be presented.
Resonance properties of the all-fiber ring cavity filled with nonlinear material - saturable rare-earth-doped fiber are analyzed and experimentally investigated. Unlike the earlier investigated erbium-doped fiber at 1550nm where the optical absorption photo-induced change (saturation) is observed only, the ytterbium-doped fiber at 1064nm demonstrates the saturation of the refractive index mainly. For this configuration we report experimental observation of the optical bistability and hysteresis in the transmitted output light at the 10mW-scale incident light power. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with the theoretical analysis that takes into account the saturation of both parameters: the optical absorption and the refractive index of the doped fiber. The reported results seem promising for applications in high-sensitivity interferometric configurations at 1064nm operation wavelength.
This paper presents theoretical and experimental analysis of up-converted coherent population oscillations (Up-CPO) in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) for tunable optical phase shift applications at high frequencies. The study of Up-CPO frequency response is carried out by a small-signal analysis of a SOA modeled by two calculation sections in order to better take into account the nonlinear effects such as the SOA gain saturation. We demonstrate that we can fully determine the dynamic parameters of Up-CPO from the experimental frequency response of an optical probe signal obtained by cross-gain modulation mechanism. The Up-CPO frequency responses are measured for three SOAs with different cut-off frequencies up to 18.45 GHz. We finally validate experimentally the obtained analytical frequency responses for the three SOAs over different operating points, each characterized by the corresponding optical gain.
All-optical data processing continues to attract significant interest as a way to overcome the electronic signal processing bottleneck of fiber telecommunication networks. Nonlinear optical devices such as limiters and saturable absorbers rely on intensity-dependent attenuation of light. However, making such devices using intensity-dependent multiphoton dissipation processes is an issue as these make complete absorption and transmission impossible. Here, we show that nonlinear phase retardation in an optical fiber can control the dissipation of coherent light waves interacting on a thin plasmonic absorber from total absorption to perfect transmission. The fiber’s instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity and the femtosecond coherent absorption time scale make this approach ultrafast. We report proof-of-principle demonstrations of all-optical intensity discrimination, power limiting, pulse restoration, pulse splitting, and signal transfer between carrier wavelengths within a fiber circuit. Our results indicate that nonlinear control of coherent absorption can imitate and outperform saturable and multiphoton absorption in terms of bandwidth and contrast.
We present numerical results relative to a bistable optical device comprised of an asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity embedding a nonlinear optical medium. Both the real and imaginary part of the third order nonlinear susceptibility are considered in our calculations. Optimized device operation, expressed in terms of the contrast ratio between the two stable states, is then discussed as a function of the different cavity parameters. The presented method can be a useful tool for designing practical devices with application in the field of all-optical switching, optical regeneration and optical signal processing.