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International Journal of Nanomanufacturing

Atomic decay rate enhancement inside a cylindrical quantum nanotube

S. Al‐Awfi, Smail B. Bougouffa, Attieh A. Al Ghamdi

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Atomic decay rate process of an excited two-level atom placed inside a cylindrical quantum nanotube is investigated. In particular, when a hole diameter of the cylindrical tube of the order of nanoscale, only the lowest order mode can exist, which means that the system operates as an exact single mode structure. The structure modes are quantised, allowing the position-dependent atomic decay rate process to be evaluated. For an atom inside a cylindrical structure whose typical dimension is in the nanoscale the atomic decay rate process is enhanced compared with that of the same atom in the free space.

DOI
10.1504/ijnm.2009.028114

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Atomic decay rate process of an excited two-level atom placed inside a cylindrical quantum nanotube is investigated. In particular, when a hole diameter of the cylindrical tube of the order of nanoscale, only the lowest order mode can exist, which means that the system operates as an exact single mode structure. The structure modes are quantised, allowing the position-dependent atomic decay rate process to be evaluated. For an atom inside a cylindrical structure whose typical dimension is in the nanoscale the atomic decay rate process is enhanced compared with that of the same atom in the free space.
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The dipole emission rate inside a hollow resonator with high quality factor Q, which forms a nano quantum dot system is analysed in this paper. The structure modes are firstly quantised, allowing the position-dependent dipole emission rate to be evaluated. In particular, in the nanoscale limit, we show that the dipole emission rate process is can be only produced by a fundamental mode of the system. The effect of the nanoscale limit has been demonstrated to dramatically increase the dipole emission rate. The result is illustrated with reference to sodium atoms placed inside a nano quantum dot resonator with rectangular cross section.
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A theory of the spontaneous decay process of an excited atom placed inside or outside (near the surface) of a carbon nanotube has been developed. Numerical calculations of the atomic spontaneous decay enhancement factor have been performed for various achiral nanotubes. The effect of the nanotube surface has been demonstrated to dramatically increase the spontaneous decay rate—by 6–7 orders of magnitude—compared with that of the same atom in a vacuum. Such an increase is associated with nonradiative decay via surface excitations in the nanotube. Possible applications of the predicted effect are discussed.