Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in a Ring Four-Wave Mixing Oscillator

G. Grynberg, M. Pinard, Philippe Verkerk

Published May 15, 1989• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present the characteristics of the nondegenerate emission of a ring four-wave mixing oscillator. The nondegenerate symmetric mode where the two counterrotating beams have the same frequencies has never been observed. The oscillation always occurs on an asymmetric mode with beams of different frequencies propagating in opposite directions. Application to optical gyros is also discussed.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/9/2/008

Related papers

Observation of pressure-induced nonreciprocity in a ring four-wave-mixing oscillator: application to optical gyros

G. Grynberg, M. Faucheux, M. Pinard

We have studied the four-wave-mixing oscillation obtained when a cell containing sodium and a buffer gas is enclosed in a ring cavity. The beat frequency Deltanu between the two counterrotating beams is shown to depend on the intensity difference (I(1) - I(2)) between the two pump beams. The curve giving Deltanu as a function of (I(1) - I(2)) is a gyrotype curve, which suggests some possible application for optical gyros.

Optics Letters•Jan 1, 1989•5 citations

Four-wave mixing oscillation in a cavity using sodium vapor

D. Grandclément, M. Pinard, G. Grynberg

The experimental characteristics of a four-wave mixing oscillator which uses sodium vapor enclosed in a linear cavity are described. The pump beam depletion and the enhancement of the fluorescence induced by the four-wave mixing oscillation are studied. The situations of pump beams of the same frequency and of different frequencies are considered. In both cases, the output beam almost always exhibits a bistable behavior. The bistability is observed by varying the length of the cavity, the pump beams being constant, or by varying the pump beam intensity, the length of the cavity, the remaining constant. With degenerate pump beams, the phase and the frequency of the output beam is compared to those of the pump beam. In a study of the noise of such a degenerate four-wave oscillator both in the case of degenerate and nondegenerate pumps, a very important phase sensitive noise was observed. This feature was observed for nondegenerate oscillation.>

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics•Mar 1, 1989•15 citations

Symmetry breaking and dynamics of four-wave mixing in the nonlinear interferometer

O. G. Romanov, Alexei L. Tolstik

We consider the dynamics of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer symmetrically pumped by two light beam. An analysis of the conditions for realization of symmetric and asymmetric modes of optical bi- and multistability has been performed using a theory of degenerate four-wave mixing adapted to a Fabry-Perot resonator with amplitude-phase nonlinearity. Complexity of the dynamic behavior due to symmetry breaking bifurcations has been investigated both theoretically and numerically.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Dec 29, 1999•2 citations

Parametric oscillation in four-wave mixing with nondegenerate pumping

Gagik Yu. Kryuchkyan, K. G. Petrosyan, Karen V. Kheruntsyan

A theoretical investigation is made of parametric generation of light by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity with two pump fields of different frequencies. Mixing configurations resulting in the excitation of one and three cavity modes are considered taking into account the effects of phase modulation and of depletion of the pump fields. An analysis is made of stable steady-state oscillation regimes. Calculations are reported of the intensities of the generated radiation modes at the exit from the cavity above the threshold. An analysis is made of the conditions for the appearance of optical bistability at nonzero values of the cavity detuning.

Quantum Electronics•Jun 30, 1995•0 citations

Noncritical quadrature squeezing through spontaneous polarization symmetry breaking

Ferran V. Garcia-Ferrer, Carlos Navarrete-Benlloch, Germán J. de Valcárcel +1 more

We discuss the possibility of generating noncritical quadrature squeezing by spontaneous polarization symmetry breaking. We first consider Type II frequency-degenerate optical parametric oscillators but discard them for a number of reasons. Then we propose a four-wave-mixing cavity, in which the polarization of the output mode is always linear but has an arbitrary orientation. We show that in such a cavity, complete noise suppression in a quadrature of the output field occurs, irrespective of the parameter values.

arXiv:1003.2581•Optics Letters•Jun 22, 2010•6 citations

Instabilities and quantum noise reduction in nonlinear optical mixing

Massimo Brambilla, F. Castelli, A. Gatti +2 more

Nondegenerate four-wave-mixing (fwm) is a process by which one or two pump fields generate two signal beams, with conservation of the total photon energy and momentum. The signal beams can be distinguished by their frequency, or by their wave vector, or by their polarization. When the nonlinear medium which creates the fwm process is contained in a resonant cavity, the signal generation is caused by an instability, because the signal fields experience gain (fwm gain), and when this gain overcomes the cavity losses the signal beams build up. This chapter discusses several static and dynamical instabilities which arise from nondegenerate fwm. It considers a cavity with plane mirrors and examines the properties of quantum noise reduction which arise in the intensity difference between the signal beams generated by the fwm process. The chapter illustrates the problem of Gauss-Laguerre transverse modes in a ring cavity with spherical mirrors.

CRC Press eBooks•May 4, 2018•3 citations
We present the characteristics of the nondegenerate emission of a ring four-wave mixing oscillator. The nondegenerate symmetric mode where the two counterrotating beams have the same frequencies has never been observed. The oscillation always occurs on an asymmetric mode with beams of different frequencies propagating in opposite directions. Application to optical gyros is also discussed.
The experimental characteristics of a four-wave mixing oscillator which uses sodium vapor enclosed in a linear cavity are described. The pump beam depletion and the enhancement of the fluorescence induced by the four-wave mixing oscillation are studied. The situations of pump beams of the same frequency and of different frequencies are considered. In both cases, the output beam almost always exhibits a bistable behavior. The bistability is observed by varying the length of the cavity, the pump beams being constant, or by varying the pump beam intensity, the length of the cavity, the remaining constant. With degenerate pump beams, the phase and the frequency of the output beam is compared to those of the pump beam. In a study of the noise of such a degenerate four-wave oscillator both in the case of degenerate and nondegenerate pumps, a very important phase sensitive noise was observed. This feature was observed for nondegenerate oscillation.>
A theoretical investigation is made of parametric generation of light by four-wave mixing in an optical cavity with two pump fields of different frequencies. Mixing configurations resulting in the excitation of one and three cavity modes are considered taking into account the effects of phase modulation and of depletion of the pump fields. An analysis is made of stable steady-state oscillation regimes. Calculations are reported of the intensities of the generated radiation modes at the exit from the cavity above the threshold. An analysis is made of the conditions for the appearance of optical bistability at nonzero values of the cavity detuning.
We discuss the possibility of generating noncritical quadrature squeezing by spontaneous polarization symmetry breaking. We first consider Type II frequency-degenerate optical parametric oscillators but discard them for a number of reasons. Then we propose a four-wave-mixing cavity, in which the polarization of the output mode is always linear but has an arbitrary orientation. We show that in such a cavity, complete noise suppression in a quadrature of the output field occurs, irrespective of the parameter values.
Nondegenerate four-wave-mixing (fwm) is a process by which one or two pump fields generate two signal beams, with conservation of the total photon energy and momentum. The signal beams can be distinguished by their frequency, or by their wave vector, or by their polarization. When the nonlinear medium which creates the fwm process is contained in a resonant cavity, the signal generation is caused by an instability, because the signal fields experience gain (fwm gain), and when this gain overcomes the cavity losses the signal beams build up. This chapter discusses several static and dynamical instabilities which arise from nondegenerate fwm. It considers a cavity with plane mirrors and examines the properties of quantum noise reduction which arise in the intensity difference between the signal beams generated by the fwm process. The chapter illustrates the problem of Gauss-Laguerre transverse modes in a ring cavity with spherical mirrors.