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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Symmetry breaking and dynamics of four-wave mixing in the nonlinear interferometer

O. G. Romanov, Alexei L. Tolstik

Published Dec 29, 1999• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We consider the dynamics of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer symmetrically pumped by two light beam. An analysis of the conditions for realization of symmetric and asymmetric modes of optical bi- and multistability has been performed using a theory of degenerate four-wave mixing adapted to a Fabry-Perot resonator with amplitude-phase nonlinearity. Complexity of the dynamic behavior due to symmetry breaking bifurcations has been investigated both theoretically and numerically.

DOI
10.1117/12.373672

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We consider the dynamics of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer symmetrically pumped by two light beam. An analysis of the conditions for realization of symmetric and asymmetric modes of optical bi- and multistability has been performed using a theory of degenerate four-wave mixing adapted to a Fabry-Perot resonator with amplitude-phase nonlinearity. Complexity of the dynamic behavior due to symmetry breaking bifurcations has been investigated both theoretically and numerically.
Specific features of the light-beam transverse structure transformation in the process of four-wave coupling in the Fabry-Perot interferometer with a resonant nonlinearity under conditions of bifurcation of the symmetry breaking and optical bistability are analyzed. The asymmetric regimes of the interaction, characterized by a difference both in the integrated transmission functions of the nonlinear interferometer for two light beams with equal intensities and in the spatial intensity distribution at the exit of the interferometer, are considered.
In this work the different schemes of propagation and interaction of the light beams in nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer have been studied theoretically and experimentally. Degenerate and non-degenerate four-wave mixing have been realized in the cavity of Fabry-Perot type using Rhodamine-6G dye and polymethine dye 3274U solution as saturable absorber. The diffraction efficiency of intracavity dynamic grating has been studied in dependence on intensity of interacting beams and parameters of resonator. The theoretical model of the processes of intracavity degenerate and non-degenerate four-wave mixing has been developed and applied to the analysis of the efficiency of light beams conversion by mean of Bragg diffraction from intracavity dynamic gratings. For theoretical description of typical experimental situations we used the round-trip model of nonlinear interferometer adapted for the geometry of degenerate four-wave mixing, which can be realized in the scheme of symmetrical oblique incidence of pump, signal and probe beams to the front and back mirrors of cavity.
Advances in the development of nonlinear interference and holographic systems based on four-wave mixing point to great potentialities of these systems for real-time processing and correction of the light fields, formation of the desired space-time structures of laser radiation, image transfer, realization of logic and mathematical operations, creation of bistable devices and adaptive optics elements. This work presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies into the processes of light field transformations upon frequency-nondegenerate four-wave mixing in nonlinear Fabry-Perot interferometer. The principal aim is to develop a theory of intracavity four-wave mixing in complex molecular media in conditions of exhibited internal (scattering from dynamic gratings) and external (resonator) feedback, to determine a mechanism of light field transformations at the dynamic holograms and by nonlinear interferometers, to work out and introduce into practice novel nonlinear-optical methods for the control over characteristics of light beams. For theoretical description of typical experimental situations we used the round-trip model of interferometer adapted for the geometry of four-wave mixing, which can be realized in the scheme of symmetrical oblique incidence of reference and signal beams to the front and back mirrors of cavity. The conditions of magnification of dynamic gratings efficiency due to contribution from multiple interference of reading light beams have been studied experimentally and by means of theoretical modeling.
The results of theoretical and experimental investigations into four-wave mixing in microresonators with resonant and thermal nonlinearities are presented. Theoretical models of dynamically-induced optical gratings have been derived in two cases of the light beams interaction: when a nonlinear medium is incorporated into Fabry-Perot interferometer and for the off-cavity configuration. Experimental realization of intracavity four-wave mixing performed using ethanol solution of Rodamine 6G as a nonlinear medium. It is shown that the use of nonlinear interferometer increases significantly an efficiency of dynamic optical gratings. The potentialities for obtaining of high efficiency conversion of optical information owing the spectroscopic properties of multilevel resonant media are discussed.