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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Frequency-modulation-induced transient oscillation in the spectra of electromagnetically induced transparency

Yong‐Fan Chen, Guan-Chi Pan, Ite A. Yu

Published Sep 1, 2004• 11 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We observed the transient oscillation in the spectra of electromagnetically induced transparency by rapidly sweeping the probe laser frequency. The spectra were measured with laser-cooled 87Rb atoms. We show that the amplitude of the transient oscillation decays exponentially at a rate of Ωc2/2Γ, where Ωc is the Rabi frequency of the coupling laser and Γ is the spontaneous decay rate of the excited state. Using the transient oscillation, we demonstrate a simple method to determine Ωc. This method is particularly useful with the low-intensity coupling laser.

DOI
10.1364/josab.21.001647

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We observed the transient oscillation in the spectra of electromagnetically induced transparency by rapidly sweeping the probe laser frequency. The spectra were measured with laser-cooled 87Rb atoms. We show that the amplitude of the transient oscillation decays exponentially at a rate of Ωc2/2Γ, where Ωc is the Rabi frequency of the coupling laser and Γ is the spontaneous decay rate of the excited state. Using the transient oscillation, we demonstrate a simple method to determine Ωc. This method is particularly useful with the low-intensity coupling laser.
We have experimentally studied the transient behaviors of photon switching by quantum interference in laser-cooled 87Rbatoms^{87}\mathrm{Rb}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{atoms}87Rbatoms. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical predictions. We show that the rise time of the probe absorption cannot be less than $2∕\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ where $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}$ is the spontaneous decay rate of the excited states. In the low-intensity limit, the rise time is equal to $2\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Gamma}}∕({\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}^{2}+{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{s}^{2})$ for the scheme used here, where ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{s}$ are the Rabi frequencies of the coupling and switching fields. A simple picture based on the dark and nondark states is provided to explain these transient behaviors.
We investigated coherent transient oscillations in the transmission intensity of a frequency-modulated probe-laser beam through a sample of trapped atoms. The transients occur when the frequency of the probe-laser beam crosses a resonance of the atoms in a time of the order of the lifetime of the excited state. A theoretical description used previously to explain transient effects observed in Mössbauer spectroscopy has been developed further to adapt for the specific frequency- and amplitude-modulation characteristics of current-modulated laser diodes. The transients were recorded at various experimental parameters, and the results of the experiments were compared with results obtained from slow frequency sweeps and independent measurements of the modulation characteristics of the laser. The results show that the theory accurately explains the coherent transient phenomena.
We study the transient response dynamics of 87Rb atomic vapor buffered in 8 torr Ne gas through an electromagnetically induced transparency configured in Λ-scheme. Experimentally, the temporal transmission spectra versus probe detuning by switching on and off the coupling one show complex structures. The transmitted probe light intensity drops to a minimum value when the coupling light turns off, showing a strong absorption. Even at the moment of turning on the coupling light at a subsequent delayed time, the atomic medium shows a fast transient response. To account for the transient switching feature, in the time-dependent optical Bloch equation, we must take the transverse relaxation dephasing process of atomic vapor into account, as well as the fluorescence relaxation along with the optical absorption. This work supplies a technique to quantify the transverse relaxation time scale and to sensitively monitor its variation along the environment by observing the transient dynamics of coherent medium, which is helpful in characterizing the coherent feature of the atomic medium.
We report on an experimental observation of quantum interference between two dressed states created by a coherent pumping laser in an electromagnetically induced transparency. In a \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type three-level atomic system in rubidium vapor, we reduce the Rabi frequency of the pumping laser in one arm down below the spontaneous decay rate of the common excited state and still observe a narrow dip with subnatural linewidth in the absorption curve of a probe beam in another arm. This clearly demonstrates that the absorption reduction at the low pumping intensity is mainly due to the interference between the two dressed states, not due to the ac--Stark-shift effect.
Summary form only given. Many studies have been made of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and probe gain under steady-state conditions. We have carried out experimental studies of transient effects in rubidium lambda systems in the non-adiabatic regime where the coupling field is rapidly switched on using a Pockels cell in a time that is short compared with transient time scales. Our preliminary work has confirmed predictions that the steady-state EIT is approached through damped oscillations characterised by the coupling field Rabi frequency /spl Omega//sub c/ and the spontaneous decay rate /spl Gamma/. We report results of our recent investigations into the effects of strong coupling fields conducted in several different lambda schemes in the rubidium 5S/sub 1/2/-5P/sub 3/2/ hyperfine levels in a magnetooptical trap. We also studied the effects of the initial conditions of population and optical coherence, probe absorption on uncoupled Zeeman transitions, and incoherent pumping.