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Journal of Modern Optics

Destructive and constructive interference in the coherently driven three-level systems

Sankar Davuluri, Yi‐Pu Wang, Shi‐Yao Zhu

Published Mar 19, 2015• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Destructive and constructive interference in the Autler–Townes three-level systems is studied in the dressed state basis. The dependence of the interference on the spontaneous emission and dephasing reservoirs is analyzed. The strong field correlates or anti-correlates the random phase caused by the reservoirs. The correlation reduces and the anti-correlation enhances the absorption. Each of the interference pathways is formed by two processes, stimulated absorption and spontaneous emission. The interference effect can be neglected if the Rabi frequency of the strong field is larger than the decay rates.

DOI
10.1080/09500340.2015.1020895

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Destructive and constructive interference in the Autler–Townes three-level systems is studied in the dressed state basis. The dependence of the interference on the spontaneous emission and dephasing reservoirs is analyzed. The strong field correlates or anti-correlates the random phase caused by the reservoirs. The correlation reduces and the anti-correlation enhances the absorption. Each of the interference pathways is formed by two processes, stimulated absorption and spontaneous emission. The interference effect can be neglected if the Rabi frequency of the strong field is larger than the decay rates.
The influence of the dephasing on interference is investigated theoretically and experimentally in three-level electromagnetically induced transparency systems. The nature of the interference, constructive, no interference or destructive, can be controlled by adjusting the dephasing rates. This new phenomenon is experimentally observed in meta-atoms. The physics behind the dephasing-induced control of interference nature is the competing between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission. The random phase fluctuation due to the dephasing will result in the correlation and anti-correlation between the two dressed states, which will enhance and reduce the stimulated emission, respectively.
We study spontaneous emission from an atom under the action of laser fields. We consider two different energy level diagrams. The first one consists of two levels resonantly driven by laser radiation where either of levels may decay to a separate level. For such a system we show that the presence of the second decay channel may deteriorate the destructive interference occurring in case of one decay channel because of Autler-Townes effect. The second diagram represents two two-level resonantly driven systems with the upper levels decaying to a common level. For this diagram we show that there is no interference between the two decay channels when the laser fields are described in the Fock representation, while in case of definite-phase classical fields such interference takes place and is partially or completely destructive or constructive depending on the initial conditions and on the mutual orientation of the spontaneous emission dipole moments.
Possibility of coherent control of spontaneous emission from four- and five-level systems in the laser radiation field is studied. The four-level system consists of two levels resonantly driven by laser radiation where either of levels may decay to a separate level. For such a system we show that the presence of the second decay channel may deteriorate the destructive interference occurring because of Autler-Townes effect in case of one decay channel. The five-level system represents two two-level resonantly driven systems with the upper levels decaying to a common level. For this case, the interference between the two decay channels is partially or completely destructive or constructive depending on the initial conditions and on the mutual orientation of the transition dipole moments. It is shown that population transfer takes place by the same quantum vacuum via spontaneous emission. The populations are shown to have damping oscillatory nature.
The quantum correlation in dephasing decay can be realized, when the energy fluctuations of transition frequencies are synchronized. The correlation in the three-level atom systems will enhance the interference in the absorption and change the nature of the interference, from destructive to constructive in cascade low-driving three-level atom and from constructive to destructive in V-type three-level atom. The quantum correlation is observed by properly introducing the collision or time-dependent magnetic field through the increase or decrease of the resonant absorption.
Abstract Stark splitting and quantum interference effects in the absorption spectrum of a probe field in coherently driven closed upper coupled three level atomic schemes ( and upper-cascade), which are created by a strong driving field are studied using the dressed state representation. In the dressed representation, the absorption due to the Stark splitting can be separated from the absorption due to the interference effects. We explicitly show the presence of both destructive and constructive interference in upper coupled three level atomic schemes. The interference in these atomic schemes is due to the coupling of the two dressed states by the same vacuum modes and the probe. We show that the dephasing rates can change the nature of the interference from constructive to destructive and vice versa, resulting in increased or decreased resonant absorption of the probe field.