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Journal of Optics B Quantum and Semiclassical Optics

Microcavity quantum superradiance

Elisabetta De Angelis, F. De Martini, Paolo Mataloni

Published Apr 1, 2000• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two-dipole superradiance in a planar symmetrical microcavity has been investigated for the first time in the space-time domain by a controlled femtosecond excitation of two ensembles of molecules located at a mutual distance R on the plane parallel to the cavity mirrors. A significant enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation for a decreasing inter-dipole transverse distance R has been found. Furthermore, we have observed a striking transition from the classical to the quantum behaviour in the photon partition statistics of the emitted field for R ≤ lc, the transverse extension of the single allowed cavity mode.

DOI
10.1088/1464-4266/2/2/315

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Two-dipole superradiance in a planar symmetrical microcavity has been investigated for the first time in the space-time domain by a controlled femtosecond excitation of two ensembles of molecules located at a mutual distance R on the plane parallel to the cavity mirrors. A significant enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation for a decreasing inter-dipole transverse distance R has been found. Furthermore, we have observed a striking transition from the classical to the quantum behaviour in the photon partition statistics of the emitted field for R ≤ lc, the transverse extension of the single allowed cavity mode.
We have investigated for the first time in the space-time domain the phenomenon of superradiance of two dipoles excited in a planar symmetrical microcavity by a controlled femtosecond two-pulse excitation. A significant enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation for a decreasing inter-dipole transverse distance R has been found. Furthermore, and most important, we have observed a striking transition from the classical to the quantum behaviour in the photon partition statistics for R ≤ lc, where lc corresponds to the transverse extension of the single allowed microcavity mode.
The paper reports the realization of the process of two-dipole Dicke superradiance in a planar optical microcavity. Two dye molecules, located at a mutual distance |R| within the transverse resonant mode of the microcavity, are excited by two independent femtosecond pulses. The superradiant photon emission by the two systems and the consequent enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation is investigated. Furthermore, the spatial counterpart of superradiance is revealed by the realization of the Bose-Einstein partition statistics within the detection of photons emitted over the two output sides of the microcavity. A general quantum analysis of the process is given in the paper.
Summary form only given. The process of two atom superradiance has been investigated by trapping two dipoles at a mutual transverse distance R within a planar high-finesse microcavity. The peculiar time characteristics of superradiance consists of the doubling of the spontaneous emission rate with respect that of a single dipole if R is lower than the transverse extension of the confined electromagnetic field mode, l/sub c/. Most important, in the present work the adoption of the microcavity technique allowed the first demonstration of the spatial counterpart of the superradiance process by the discovery of an unexpected collective quantum statistical distribution of the photons emitted by the microcavity as a whole, over the two allowed external modes k and k'.
The process of generation of non-classical radiation in an active Fabry-Perot dye microcavity, under femtosecond excitation, has been investigated. Single photon states, with a non-classical sub-Poissonian distribution have been generated after the excitation of a small number of active molecules, located between the two mirrors. By multiple excitation of the active medium, collective emission phenomena are expected because of the strong superradiant coupling occurring within the transverse coherence area of the microcavity. In particular, we have experimentally verified the principle of relativistic causality within the process of two-dipole superradiance by transverse interaction, in condition of strong microcavity confinement.