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Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials

Quantum Light Generation and Superradiance Effects in the Active Microcavity

F. De Martini, Ottavia Jedrkiewicz, Paolo Mataloni

Published Mar 1, 1998• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The process of generation of non-classical radiation in an active Fabry-Perot dye microcavity, under femtosecond excitation, has been investigated. Single photon states, with a non-classical sub-Poissonian distribution have been generated after the excitation of a small number of active molecules, located between the two mirrors. By multiple excitation of the active medium, collective emission phenomena are expected because of the strong superradiant coupling occurring within the transverse coherence area of the microcavity. In particular, we have experimentally verified the principle of relativistic causality within the process of two-dipole superradiance by transverse interaction, in condition of strong microcavity confinement.

DOI
10.1142/s0218863598000107

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The process of generation of non-classical radiation in an active Fabry-Perot dye microcavity, under femtosecond excitation, has been investigated. Single photon states, with a non-classical sub-Poissonian distribution have been generated after the excitation of a small number of active molecules, located between the two mirrors. By multiple excitation of the active medium, collective emission phenomena are expected because of the strong superradiant coupling occurring within the transverse coherence area of the microcavity. In particular, we have experimentally verified the principle of relativistic causality within the process of two-dipole superradiance by transverse interaction, in condition of strong microcavity confinement.
Some ultrafast phenomena occurring in an active microcavity have been investigated. This device can behave as an efficient source of non-classical light, when a small number of molecules inside are excited by a femtosecond laser.In this way single photon n > states are generated with anon-classical sub-Poissonian distribution. Multiple excitations of a larger number of molecules can give rise to collective phenomena because of the strong super-radiant ultrafast coupling within the transverse region of the microcavity electromagnetic field. This process has been experimentally studied by means of a high efficiency, single photon, femtosecond non-linear optical gate.
The paper reports the realization of the process of two-dipole Dicke superradiance in a planar optical microcavity. Two dye molecules, located at a mutual distance |R| within the transverse resonant mode of the microcavity, are excited by two independent femtosecond pulses. The superradiant photon emission by the two systems and the consequent enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation is investigated. Furthermore, the spatial counterpart of superradiance is revealed by the realization of the Bose-Einstein partition statistics within the detection of photons emitted over the two output sides of the microcavity. A general quantum analysis of the process is given in the paper.
Two-dipole superradiance in a planar symmetrical microcavity has been investigated for the first time in the space-time domain by a controlled femtosecond excitation of two ensembles of molecules located at a mutual distance R on the plane parallel to the cavity mirrors. A significant enhancement of the time decay of the dipole excitation for a decreasing inter-dipole transverse distance R has been found. Furthermore, we have observed a striking transition from the classical to the quantum behaviour in the photon partition statistics of the emitted field for R ≤ lc, the transverse extension of the single allowed cavity mode.
Summary form only given. The process of two atom superradiance has been investigated by trapping two dipoles at a mutual transverse distance R within a planar high-finesse microcavity. The peculiar time characteristics of superradiance consists of the doubling of the spontaneous emission rate with respect that of a single dipole if R is lower than the transverse extension of the confined electromagnetic field mode, l/sub c/. Most important, in the present work the adoption of the microcavity technique allowed the first demonstration of the spatial counterpart of the superradiance process by the discovery of an unexpected collective quantum statistical distribution of the photons emitted by the microcavity as a whole, over the two allowed external modes k and k'.
An extended theoretical and experimental analysis is reported of the classic problem, first discussed by E Fermi, of the interaction between two quantum systems A and B. In our case, the two systems are confined within an optical microcavity and the interaction takes place in the transverse direction, i.e. orthogonal to the only k-wavevector allowed by the cavity with the minimum spacing d= 1/2 lambda 0 . In these conditions, our theory analyses in detail the process of two-atom super-radiance. The experiment consists of an investigation, by the use of a femtosecond laser, of the process of coupling of two microlasers active over the same transverse mode of an optical microcavity.