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Optics Express

Observation of angle-modulated switch between enhancement and suppression of nonlinear optical processes

Zhiguo Wang, Zhengyang Zhao, Peiying Li, Jiamin Yuan, Huayan Lan, Huaibin Zheng, Yiqi Zhang, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Mar 1, 2013• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We simultaneously investigate the four-wave mixing and the fluorescence signals via two cascade electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) systems in atomic rubidium vapor. By manipulating the deflection angle between the probe beam and certain coupling beams, the dark state can extraordinarily switch to bright state, induced by the angle-modulation on the dressing effect. Besides, in the fluorescence signal, the peak of two-photon fluorescence due to classical emission and the dip of single-photon fluorescence due to dressing effect are distinguished, both in separate spectral curves and in the global profile of spectrum. Meanwhile, we observe and analyze the similarities and discrepancies between the two ground-state hyperfine levels F = 2 and F = 3 of Rb 85 for the first time.

DOI
10.1364/oe.21.005654

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We simultaneously investigate the four-wave mixing and the fluorescence signals via two cascade electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) systems in atomic rubidium vapor. By manipulating the deflection angle between the probe beam and certain coupling beams, the dark state can extraordinarily switch to bright state, induced by the angle-modulation on the dressing effect. Besides, in the fluorescence signal, the peak of two-photon fluorescence due to classical emission and the dip of single-photon fluorescence due to dressing effect are distinguished, both in separate spectral curves and in the global profile of spectrum. Meanwhile, we observe and analyze the similarities and discrepancies between the two ground-state hyperfine levels F = 2 and F = 3 of Rb 85 for the first time.
We experimentally report that angle-control dynamics in the nonlinear propagation of the images of the probe, generated four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals beams in FWM process in a cascade three-level, as well as a two-level atomic systems. It is shown that, by changing the angles between pumping fields and dressing fields, respectively, the characteristics of the measured signals including the spectra intensity and spatial images can be controlled to display many effects, including the electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (EIT and EIA, respectively) and Autler-Townes splitting. In particular, we demonstrate the angle-controlled switching from EIA to EIT in probe transmission or from enhancement to suppression in FWM signal. Additionally, we also illustrate the interaction between spatial characteristics and spectra intensities of weak fields. The studies can be very useful in producing all optical-signal-processing devices, such as spatial beam splitters, routers, and switches.
For the first time, we experimentally study the phase control of the coexisting dressed probe signal, six-wave mixing and fluorescence signals in a five-level K-type atomic system by adjusting the angle between the probe signal and certain coupling beams. Such phase controlling results in a switch between bright and dark states. In addition, by using different hyperfine levels of the K-type atomic system as the ground state, the magnitude of the dressing effect is manipulated. The mechanisms of the three types of nonlinear processes are investigated by changing the frequency detuning and powers of the coupling laser beams. In addition, we study the interference and competition among the involved beams in nonlinear optical processes. Such controllable nonlinear processes could have potential applications in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We first investigate the phase control of the switch between bright and dark states in the transmitted probe, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals in a four-level 85Rb atomic system. With the relative phase modulated from 0 to −π, pure dark state in the FWM and fluorescence channels can be switched to pure bright state, corresponding to the switch from electromagnetically induced transparency to electromagnetically induced absorption. Meanwhile, the results could be obtained in solid crystals. Such phase controlled switch could have potential applications in optical communication and quantum information processing.
We mainly investigate four generated four-wave-mixing (FWM) signals, and second- and fourth-order fluorescence (FL) signals, simultaneously in a cascade three-level atomic system of sodium, in which dual electromagnetically induced transparency windows are used to enable transparency of the generated FWM signals. The moving and immobile two-photon dressing effects on the FWM and multi-order FL signals as well as the interaction of dressing effects are studied. Furthermore, we investigate the spontaneous parametric FWM signal and spatial images of the transmitted probe signal modulated by the cross-Kerr nonlinearities effect of the dressing field both experimentally and theoretically. The study may find applications in all-optical communication.
We simultaneously observe the probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals under dressing effects in a four-level -type atomic system for the first time. The physical mechanisms of three types of signals are explored by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. Especially, the ultranarrow fluorescence signals have been experimentally obtained due to twice shearing by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window, which are much narrower than the Doppler-free EIT window. Such ultranarrow fluorescence signals with very high coherence and monochromaticity have potential applications in the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser. Studying the FWM processes can find applications in optical switch and optical communication.
The dressed four-wave mixing (FWM) in a four-level 85 Rb atomic system, experimentally demonstrated in this paper, is comprised by two coexisting processes. One is emission signal due to enhanced nonlinear via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The other is the Bragg reflection of probe beam because of the created photonic band gap (PBG), which is affected by both linear and third-order nonlinear susceptibility. Moreover, we have demonstrated that different experimental parameters can significantly influence the measured signal with flexibly controlled PBG. These studies are found useful for understanding the fundamental mechanisms in generated FWM processing.