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Chinese Optics Letters

Cavity linewidth narrowing by means of electromagnetically induced transparency in Rb with a longitudinal magnetic field

Haonan Chen Haonan Chen, Kang Ying Kang Ying, Yafan Duan, Yueping Niu Yueping Niu, Shangqing Gong

Published Jan 1, 2014• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate a method for further reducing the cavity linewidth by the application of a small longitudinal magnetic field on the Rb cell.Because of the magnetic field multiple electromagnetically induced transparencies (EITs) are observed.The center EIT linewidth is measured as a function of the magnetic field.By utilizing the center EIT we narrow the cavity linewidth to 2 MHz which is half of the cavity linewidth without magnetic field.

DOI
10.3788/col201412.092701

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Cavity linewidth narrowing by means of electromagnetically induced transparency in Rb with a longitudinal magnetic field

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Chinese Physics B•Mar 1, 2013•8 citations
We demonstrate a method for further reducing the cavity linewidth by the application of a small longitudinal magnetic field on the Rb cell.Because of the magnetic field multiple electromagnetically induced transparencies (EITs) are observed.The center EIT linewidth is measured as a function of the magnetic field.By utilizing the center EIT we narrow the cavity linewidth to 2 MHz which is half of the cavity linewidth without magnetic field.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) experiments in $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type systems benefit from the use of hot vapor where the thermal averaging results in reducing the width of the EIT resonance well below the natural linewidth. Here, we demonstrate a technique for further reducing the EIT width in room-temperature vapor by the application of a small longitudinal magnetic field. The Zeeman shift of the energy levels results in the formation of several shifted subsystems; the net effect is to create multiple EIT dips each of which is significantly narrower than the original resonance. We observe a reduction by a factor of 3 in the D2{D}_{2}D2​ line of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb with a field of 3.2G3.2\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}3.2G.
By employing the density matrix approach, this study systematically examines the impact of a longitudinal magnetic field on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) within the context of the effective three-level Zeeman sublevels associated with the D2-line of 87Rb atomic vapor. Our investigation reveals that a sufficient enhancement in the longitudinal magnetic field induces a discernible narrowing of the EIT linewidth, accompanied by an enhancement in the peak transmission through a Rubidium (Rb) vapor cell. Related to these, we analyse the effect of magnetic field on the dispersive properties of the system, including group delay and group velocity and observed a slight decrement in the group delay and increment in the group velocity, which specifies the transition from slow to fast light under the application of the magnetic field.
A detailed experimental investigation is made in the intracavity V-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of the Rb atomic medium at room temperature. The optical pumping effect will increase the transparency for the V-type EIT at room temperature and therefore the cavity linewidth can be narrowed apparently. For the seven EITs observed in our previous study, cavity linewidth narrowing is observed in all of them. More importantly, we find that the cavity linewidth can keep at 1.2 MHz over a wide frequency range of 100 MHz by utilizing the central double-peak-structure EIT. This property provides a novel way for constructing a high resolution tunable frequency reference via the intracavity EIT.
The linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a coated Rb vapor cell was studied under a magnetic field gradient. The nonlinear broadening of the EIT linewidth with the magnetic field gradient was observed. It was found that the motional averaging of the field gradient was more pronounced at higher laser intensities and larger beam sizes. In the same regime, there was a small linewidth decrease with the increasing magnetic field gradient. We have established a Monte-Carlo model, which gave results in good qualitative agreement with our experiment. Physics pictures for the above phenomena were also suggested. These results provide an understanding of the EIT linewidth behavior under motional averaging, and should be useful for applications in quantum optics and metrology based on coated vapor cells.