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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

A Semiconductor Optical Switch to Generate Sub-Poissonian Statistics in a Light Beam from the Down-Conversion Luminescence

Geraldo Alexandre Barbosa

Published Jul 15, 1989• 1 citation

Abstract

An optical device that utilizes a semiconductor switch and parametric luminescence from a non-inversion symmetric crystal is proposed to generate a light beam with sub-Poissonian number variance. Numerical estimates based on a simplified model indicate qualitative features of the optical switch and the signal intensity achieving sub-Poissonian variance. The calculation is exemplified with parameters from a GaAs–AlGaAs multiple-quantum well structure (MQW) within a Fabri-Perot cavity. Conjugated beams (for example, λ 1 =8322 Å and λ 2 =8230 Å) from the down-conversion luminescence in a KDP crystal are selected by a pinhole system and directed to the MQW. Non-linear refractive index changes are induced by fluctuations in the pump beam (λ 2 ) matched to an excitonic level ( N =1) of the bi-dimensional GaAs and modulates the cavity compensating for identical fluctuations in the signal beam (λ 1 ).

DOI: 10.1143/jpsj.58.2330

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An optical device that utilizes a semiconductor switch and parametric luminescence from a non-inversion symmetric crystal is proposed to generate a light beam with sub-Poissonian number variance. Numerical estimates based on a simplified model indicate qualitative features of the optical switch and the signal intensity achieving sub-Poissonian variance. The calculation is exemplified with parameters from a GaAs–AlGaAs multiple-quantum well structure (MQW) within a Fabri-Perot cavity. Conjugated beams (for example, λ 1 =8322 Å and λ 2 =8230 Å) from the down-conversion luminescence in a KDP crystal are selected by a pinhole system and directed to the MQW. Non-linear refractive index changes are induced by fluctuations in the pump beam (λ 2 ) matched to an excitonic level ( N =1) of the bi-dimensional GaAs and modulates the cavity compensating for identical fluctuations in the signal beam (λ 1 ).

Is it possible to number squeeze an already sub-Poissonian electromagnetic field? This work presents a system able to squeeze the sub-Poissonian photon statistics of a beam from the down-conversion luminescence produced in a nonlinear crystal by laser pumping. Parameters are shown to stress the experimental difficulties inherent to the process. Even if this sub-Poissonian proposition for the down-converted light-state turns out to be unrealistic, the proposed system is, in principle, a singular tool in noise reduction processes.

We analyze an intensity feedforward scheme to produce a sub-Poissonian (amplitude-squeezed) light beam from the intensity-correlated twin beams generated by a nondegenerate parametric amplifier. Photon-number measurement of the idler beam at the output of the parametric amplifier is linearly fed forward onto the output signal beam using an amplitude modulator. The minimum available Fano factor is shown to be 1/(2g-1), where g is the parametric amplifier gain, and is equal to the nonclassical intensity-noise-reduction factor of the twin beams at the output of the parametric amplifier. By changing the frequency of the input-signal beam, tunable sub-Poissonian light can be generated with this scheme for application in precision absorption spectroscopy.

The interaction of doubly resonant second harmonic generation and nondegenerate down-conversion in a cavity is shown to generate light with excellent noise suppression in two symmetrical dips moving away from zero frequency with increasing pump strength. This feature emerges not only in the amplitude noise of fundamental and second harmonic, but also in the single beam and the sum intensity fluctuation spectra of the twin beams produced by down-conversion, which makes this system a potentially useful source for quantum cryptography or optical quantum correlation experiments.

The low-frequency intensity noise of high-quantum-efficiency lasers or light-emitting diodes (LED's) is dominated by the pump noise. By coupling two or more semiconductor lasers (or LED's) in series with a current source, the pump noise of the two lasers will be equal, and the intensity noise of the lasers will be highly correlated. It is shown that one may generate sub-Poissonian light by measuring the intensity fluctuations of one of the beams and feeding back (or forward) the information to regulate the other photon beam. The generation scheme is shown to have much in common with intensity-correlated twin beam generation from nondegenerate optical parametric oscillators.