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Applied Physics Letters

Optical modulation by optical tuning of a cavity

H. M. Gibbs, Thirumalai Venkatesan, S. L. McCall, A. Passner, Arthur C. Gossard, W. Wiegmann

Published Apr 15, 1979• 60 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A signal beam transmitted by a Fabry-Perot cavity is modulated by a control beam which changes the refractive index of the intracavity medium. High finesse at the signal wavelength and strong absorption at the control wavelengths result in efficient optical gating and modulation. Such modulation has been observed using GaAs (and using color filters) with switch-on times of 1 ns (10 μs) and switch-off times of 2–20 ns (1 ms), and a physical length of only 5 μm (60 μm).

DOI
10.1063/1.90846

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A signal beam transmitted by a Fabry-Perot cavity is modulated by a control beam which changes the refractive index of the intracavity medium. High finesse at the signal wavelength and strong absorption at the control wavelengths result in efficient optical gating and modulation. Such modulation has been observed using GaAs (and using color filters) with switch-on times of 1 ns (10 μs) and switch-off times of 2–20 ns (1 ms), and a physical length of only 5 μm (60 μm).
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The pushing of the Fabry-Perot cavity modes by an intracavity medium of Rb vapor may be tuned with optical pumping. A second laser, propagating through the Rb vapor orthogonal to the intracavity beam, is used to modify the optical transmission of the Rb vapor. We demonstrate that the cavity scale factor may be switched from S>1S>1S>1, on one side of its pole along the gain axis, to the other side of the pole, where mode splitting occurs, simply by changing the pumping transition. Continuous tuning of the cavity scale factor and sensitivity may be realized by varying the intensity and/or frequency of the pump beam.
The pushing of the Fabry-Perot cavity modes by an intracavity medium of Rb vapor may be tuned with optical pumping. A second laser, propagating through the Rb vapor orthogonal to the intracavity beam, is used to modify the optical transmission of the Rb vapor. We demonstrate that the cavity scale factor may be switched from Sg1Sg1Sg1, on one side of its pole along the gain axis, to the other side of the pole, where mode splitting occurs, simply by changing the pumping transition. Continuous tuning of the cavity scale factor and sensitivity may be realized by varying the intensity and/or frequency of the pump beam.
This paper points out new effects that can occur In triode operation of an optical bistable device. Triode operation in the optical gating of a signal beam by a control beam has been demonstrated using a GaAs-GaAlAs trilayer sandwich.1 However, the theoretical analysis for the triode operation has not yet been reported. We show theoretically that the properties of the medium and, hence, the transmission of the signal beam (ωS) through a Fabry-Perot cavity are strongly modified by a control beam (ωc) which changes the dielectric susceptibility of the intracavity medium. Amplification of the signal beam due to the three-photon effect2 and multistability attributed to the saturation of the multiphoton transition processes3,4 are predicted.
We propose to engineer the atomic band structure in optical lattices in order to design a Fabry-Perot interferometer with large mode spacing and strong nonlinear coupling to be employed in atom optics. The use of an optical lattice allows for a significant reduction of the atomic effective mass, while the slow modulation of its parameters spatially confines the matter waves on a length scale of a few dozen optical wavelengths. As a consequence, the mode spacing in such a cavity would be as high as one-tenth of the recoil energy, allowing for a very efficient filter action, while the nonlinear coupling due to interatomic interactions could lead to bistability and limiting effects in the transmission of the atomic beam.