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ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Optical Resonance of a Three-Level System in Semiconductor Quantum Dots

Hiew Van Nguyen, Bich Ha Nguyen

Published Jul 26, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The optical resonance of a three-level system of the strongly correlated electrons in the two-level semiconductor quantum dot interacting with the linearly polarized monochromatic electromagnetic radiation is studied. With the application of the Green function method the expressions of the state vectors and the energies of the stationary states of the system in the regime of the optical resonance are derived. The Rabi oscillations of the electron populations at different levels as well as the Rabi splitting of the peaks in the photon emission spectra are investigated. PACS numbers: 71.35.-y, 78.55.-m, 78.67.Hc Keywords: quantum dot, optical resonance, Rabi oscillation, population flopping AJSTD Vol.23(3) pp.161-181 (2006)

DOI
10.3125/asean.v23i3.417

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The optical resonance of a three-level system of the strongly correlated electrons in the two-level semiconductor quantum dot interacting with the linearly polarized monochromatic electromagnetic radiation is studied. With the application of the Green function method the expressions of the state vectors and the energies of the stationary states of the system in the regime of the optical resonance are derived. The Rabi oscillations of the electron populations at different levels as well as the Rabi splitting of the peaks in the photon emission spectra are investigated.
PACS numbers: 71.35.-y, 78.55.-m, 78.67.Hc
Keywords: quantum dot, optical resonance, Rabi oscillation, population flopping
AJSTD Vol.23(3) pp.161-181 (2006)
The optical resonance of a three-level system of the strongly correlated electrons in the twolevel semiconductor quantum dot interacting with the linearly polarized monochromatic electromagnetic radiation is studied. With the application of the Green function method the expressions of the state vectors and the energies of the stationary states of the system in the regime of the optical resonance are derived. The Rabi oscillations of the electron populations at different levels as well as the Rabi splitting of the peaks in the photon emission spectra are investigated.PACS numbers: 71.35.-y, 78.55.-m, 78.67.Hc
We theoretically investigate the influence of dynamic Coulomb interaction on optical bistability and Rabi oscillations in a driven two-level semiconductor quantum dot system under laser irradiation. Using density matrix equations derived from the Coulomb-interaction model proposed by Lu et al. [Phys. Rev. A 103, 043504 (2021)], we obtain analytical solutions for population inversion under the rotating wave approximation. Our analysis shows that the Coulomb interaction induces optical bistability, governed by a cubic equation. The thresholds and the shapes of the hysteresis loops are tunable and can be controlled by various parameters, including electron density, confinement potential, detuning, and dephasing. Additionally, our numerical simulations demonstrate the potential for achieving high-efficiency population inversion and predicting bifurcation and anharmonic regimes in Rabi oscillations under monochromatic excitation.
The influence of electron-hole dipole-dipole interactions (local fields) on the excitonic Rabi oscillations in an isolated quantum dot (QD) has been theoretically investigated. An analysis for the QD interaction with monochromatic field and ultrashort Gaussian pulse has been performed. On the basis of optical Bloch equations the Rabi oscillation dynamics has been investigated. As a result, the bifurcation and essentially anharmonic regimes in the Rabi oscillations in a QD exposed to the monochromatic field have been predicted. The strong dependence of the period of Rabi oscillations on the QD depolarization has been revealed. For the Gaussian pulse it has been shown that the final state of inversion as a function of the pulse peak strength demonstrates step-like transitions.
We show that resonance fluorescence, i.e., the resonant emission of a coherently driven two-level system, can be realized with a semiconductor quantum dot. The dot is embedded in a planar optical microcavity and excited in a waveguide mode so as to discriminate its emission from residual laser scattering. The transition from the weak to the strong excitation regime is characterized by the emergence of oscillations in the first-order correlation function of the fluorescence, g(tau), as measured by interferometry. The measurements correspond to a Mollow triplet with a Rabi splitting of up to 13.3 microeV. Second-order correlation measurements further confirm nonclassical light emission.
The oscillation characteristics of populations in two orthogonal energy substates of semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) excited by linearly polarized monochromatic pulse field were discussed. With rotatingwave approximation, the nondamped solutions of the dynamic population equations with resonance excitation were deduced. The effective transition dipole moments and effective input pulse area were introduced and their expressions were also given. Theoretical analysis showed that the amplitude and frequency of the population oscillation on the substates can be manipulated by adjusting the original conditions and the polarization angle of excitation field.
The Jaynes-Cummings model provides a well established theoretical framework for single electron two level systems in a radiation field. Similar exactly solvable models for semiconductor light emitters such as quantum dots dominated by many particle interactions are not known. We access these systems by a generalized cluster expansion, the photon-probability cluster expansion: a reliable approach for few-photon dynamics in many body electron systems. As a first application, we discuss vacuum Rabi oscillations and show that their amplitude determines the number of electrons in the quantum dot.