Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Measurement of microwave transition frequencies involving the Rydberg states of sodium atoms

V. G. Gerasimov, Stanislav F. Dyubko, M. N. Efimenko, V. A. Efremov, V B Podoba, V Podnos, A V Reznik

Published Apr 30, 1991• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The results are presented of measurements of the frequencies of one-, two-, and three-photon resonances with transitions from strongly excited S and D states of sodium to neighboring P and D states. The measurements were made in the principal quantum number range n = 21–38 for oscillator frequencies 39–156 GHz. The measured transition frequencies are in good agreement with the calculated values.

DOI
10.1070/qe1991v021n04abeh003809

Related papers

Millimeter spectroscopy in sodium Rydberg states: Quantum-defect, fine-structure, and polarizability measurements

Claude Fabre, S. Haroche, P. Goy

Millimeter resonances corresponding to single- and double-photon transitions have been observed between Rydberg levels of sodium with principal quantum number $n$ ranging from 23 to 41. The levels are prepared by laser excitation; transitions are induced by microwaves produced by a backwave oscillator working around 300 GHz; detection is performed through the selective field-ionization technique. Experimental values for quantum defects, fine-structure intervals, and polarizabilities are reported.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1978•76 citations

Centimeter-wave spectroscopy of highly excited rubidium atoms

Dieter Meschede

One- and two-photon transitions between neighboring Rydberg states of rubidium with principal quantum numbers ranging from n = 50 to n = 63 have been studied. From these transition frequencies, corresponding to wavelengths in the centimeter domain, new values for quantum defects and fine- and hyperfine-structure splittings were obtained. The hyperfine structure of the 2S1/2 states was resolved up to n = 59. The data are compared with optically determined spectroscopic parameters, and fair agreement is found in most cases.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Mar 1, 1987•17 citations

Transition frequency measurement of highly excited Rydberg states of 87Rb for a wide range of principal quantum numbers

B S Silpa, Shovan Kanti Barik, Saptarishi Chaudhuri +1 more

We report our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of 5P3/2, F = 3 to nS and nD Rydberg states of 87Rb with high principal quantum numbers in a wide range of values (n = 45-124). The measurements were performed using Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in ladder-type three-level systems. We measure the transition frequencies with an accuracy of ≤ 2 MHz. We determine the values of the Rydberg-Ritz parameter for 87Rb from our experimental measurements of the transition frequencies. Our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of the highly excited Rydberg states would be useful for diverse applications in quantum information processing, quantum simulation and quantum sensing with Rydberg atoms.

arXiv:2203.04852•Optics Continuum•Apr 21, 2022•11 citations

Hanle effect in Rydberg atoms of sodium

I. I. Ryabtsev, Denis B. Tretyakov

Microwave Hanle effect has been studied in sodium Rydberg atoms for the first time. Spontaneous emission of the microwave transition 37P3/2 yields 37S1/2 at 70.166 GHz was replaced by an induced transition from a pulsed microwave source. Good agreement with the theoretical calculations has been found. The widths and shapes of observed resonances were defined by the spectral widths of the pulsed microwave radiation and parameters of laser excitation of the initial 37P3/2 state. The interference occurred in the scheme of transitions similar to the Mach- Zehnder optical interferometer.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•May 30, 2002•1 citation

Microwave spectroscopy of the Zeeman effect in Rydberg atoms of sodium

I. I. Ryabtsev, Denis B. Tretyakov

Experimental results of studying the spectrum of the microwave 37 P -37 S transition of Rydberg sodium atoms in a weak magnetic field (≤7 G) are reported. The populations of the Rydberg states were measured using the method of selective ionization with a pulsed electric field. When the magnetic field was parallel to the ionizing electric field, a good agreement between the calculated and experimental spectral shapes was observed, making it possible to determine the unknown polarization of the microwave radiation. In the case of the orthogonal configuration of the fields, the resonance structure was suppressed in the field ionization signals due to the strong influence of the magnetic field on the electron trajectories in the detection system.

Optics and Spectroscopy•Feb 1, 2001•1 citation

Microwave two-photon spectroscopy of cesium Rydberg atoms

Yongmei Xue, Yuechun Jiao, Liping Hao +1 more

We present a two-photon microwave spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms in the room-temperature vapor cell. The three-level atom including a ground state 6S1/2 (F = 4), an excited state 6P3/2 (F′ = 5) and Rydberg state consists of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (Rydberg-EIT), that is employed to detect the microwave two-photon spectra. The microwave field with frequency ν DD = 11.42865 GHz couples the transition of Rydberg energy level |68D5/2〉 → |69D5/2〉, measured two-photon spectra display a rich of information including the microwave ac Stark shifts and two-photon Autler-Townes (AT) splitting. In the strong microwave field, the two-photon spectroscopy shows the state mixture between |68D5/2〉 and |68D3/2〉 Stark lines. The microwave two-photon spectra of the |69S1/2〉 → |70S1/2〉 transition coupled with frequency ν SS = 11.73503 GHz are also presented. The Floquet theory is employed to simulate the two-photon microwave spectra, showing the good agreement with the measurements. The work suggests the new method that may be used to investigate the multi-photon field-atom interaction and as an atom-based technique for precision field measurements.

Optics Express•Dec 3, 2021•8 citations
The results are presented of measurements of the frequencies of one-, two-, and three-photon resonances with transitions from strongly excited S and D states of sodium to neighboring P and D states. The measurements were made in the principal quantum number range n = 21–38 for oscillator frequencies 39–156 GHz. The measured transition frequencies are in good agreement with the calculated values.
Millimeter resonances corresponding to single- and double-photon transitions have been observed between Rydberg levels of sodium with principal quantum number nnn ranging from 23 to 41. The levels are prepared by laser excitation; transitions are induced by microwaves produced by a backwave oscillator working around 300 GHz; detection is performed through the selective field-ionization technique. Experimental values for quantum defects, fine-structure intervals, and polarizabilities are reported.
One- and two-photon transitions between neighboring Rydberg states of rubidium with principal quantum numbers ranging from n = 50 to n = 63 have been studied. From these transition frequencies, corresponding to wavelengths in the centimeter domain, new values for quantum defects and fine- and hyperfine-structure splittings were obtained. The hyperfine structure of the 2S1/2 states was resolved up to n = 59. The data are compared with optically determined spectroscopic parameters, and fair agreement is found in most cases.
We report our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of 5P3/2, F = 3 to nS and nD Rydberg states of 87Rb with high principal quantum numbers in a wide range of values (n = 45-124). The measurements were performed using Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in ladder-type three-level systems. We measure the transition frequencies with an accuracy of ≤ 2 MHz. We determine the values of the Rydberg-Ritz parameter for 87Rb from our experimental measurements of the transition frequencies. Our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of the highly excited Rydberg states would be useful for diverse applications in quantum information processing, quantum simulation and quantum sensing with Rydberg atoms.
Microwave Hanle effect has been studied in sodium Rydberg atoms for the first time. Spontaneous emission of the microwave transition 37P3/2 yields 37S1/2 at 70.166 GHz was replaced by an induced transition from a pulsed microwave source. Good agreement with the theoretical calculations has been found. The widths and shapes of observed resonances were defined by the spectral widths of the pulsed microwave radiation and parameters of laser excitation of the initial 37P3/2 state. The interference occurred in the scheme of transitions similar to the Mach- Zehnder optical interferometer.
Experimental results of studying the spectrum of the microwave 37 P -37 S transition of Rydberg sodium atoms in a weak magnetic field (≤7 G) are reported. The populations of the Rydberg states were measured using the method of selective ionization with a pulsed electric field. When the magnetic field was parallel to the ionizing electric field, a good agreement between the calculated and experimental spectral shapes was observed, making it possible to determine the unknown polarization of the microwave radiation. In the case of the orthogonal configuration of the fields, the resonance structure was suppressed in the field ionization signals due to the strong influence of the magnetic field on the electron trajectories in the detection system.
We present a two-photon microwave spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms in the room-temperature vapor cell. The three-level atom including a ground state 6S1/2 (F = 4), an excited state 6P3/2 (F′ = 5) and Rydberg state consists of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (Rydberg-EIT), that is employed to detect the microwave two-photon spectra. The microwave field with frequency ν DD = 11.42865 GHz couples the transition of Rydberg energy level |68D5/2〉 → |69D5/2〉, measured two-photon spectra display a rich of information including the microwave ac Stark shifts and two-photon Autler-Townes (AT) splitting. In the strong microwave field, the two-photon spectroscopy shows the state mixture between |68D5/2〉 and |68D3/2〉 Stark lines. The microwave two-photon spectra of the |69S1/2〉 → |70S1/2〉 transition coupled with frequency ν SS = 11.73503 GHz are also presented. The Floquet theory is employed to simulate the two-photon microwave spectra, showing the good agreement with the measurements. The work suggests the new method that may be used to investigate the multi-photon field-atom interaction and as an atom-based technique for precision field measurements.