Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2203.04852 · Optics Continuum

Transition frequency measurement of highly excited Rydberg states of 87Rb for a wide range of principal quantum numbers

B S Silpa, Shovan Kanti Barik, Saptarishi Chaudhuri, Sanjukta Roy

Published Apr 21, 2022• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of 5P3/2, F = 3 to nS and nD Rydberg states of 87Rb with high principal quantum numbers in a wide range of values (n = 45-124). The measurements were performed using Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in ladder-type three-level systems. We measure the transition frequencies with an accuracy of ≤ 2 MHz. We determine the values of the Rydberg-Ritz parameter for 87Rb from our experimental measurements of the transition frequencies. Our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of the highly excited Rydberg states would be useful for diverse applications in quantum information processing, quantum simulation and quantum sensing with Rydberg atoms.

DOI
10.1364/optcon.458153

Related papers

Measurement of absolute transition frequencies of Rb87 to nS and nD Rydberg states by means of electromagnetically induced transparency

Markus Mack, Florian Karlewski, H. Hattermann +4 more

We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ to $nS$ and $nD$ Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$, and compare it with previous measurements on ${}^{85}\text{Rb}$. We determine the ionization frequency from the $5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)$ ground state of ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ to $1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}$, providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.

arXiv:1103.6221•Physical Review A•May 23, 2011•120 citations

Probing nS/nD Rydberg States via 6P3/2 Intermediate Level Using Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in 87Rb

Donghao Li, Bo Xu, Keyu Qin +4 more

We perform precise measurements of the 87Rb Rydberg excitation spectrum by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a ladder system. We utilize a two-photon excitation configuration with the probe and control lasers at 420 nm and 1013 nm, respectively. In this work, we employ 6P3/2,F′ = 3 as an intermediate state to excite the high-lying Rydberg states of the nS and nD series, with principal quantum numbers ranging from n=35 to n=70. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in this inverted level scheme (λp<λc), we apply a 100 kHz chopping to the control beam, which is followed by a demodulation operated with a lock-in amplifier. Additionally, we verify the ionization energies and determine the quantum defects for the nS and nD series, respectively. Our work offers a database for applications of large-scale quantum simulation and quantum computation with the 87Rb atom array.

Photonics•Feb 26, 2025•3 citations

Characterization of electromagnetically induced transparency in Rydberg state of 87Rb

Hyo Min Kwak, Taek Jeong, Yoon‐Seok Lee +3 more

We present the direct measurement of highly excited Rydberg state using a ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency in the 5S1/2-5P3/2-nL transition of87Rb atoms in a room-temperature vapor cell.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)•Aug 1, 2015•0 citations

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Spectra of 6Li Rydberg Atoms

Meimei Wu, Xin Bao, Shuxian Yu +4 more

Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.

Photonics•Dec 12, 2023•2 citations

Absolute frequency measurements of85RbnF7/2Rydberg states using purely optical detection

L. A. M. Johnson, H. O. Majeed, Bruno Sanguinetti +2 more

A three-step laser excitation scheme is used to make absolute frequency measurements of highly excited nF 7/2 Rydberg states in 85 Rb for principal quantum numbers n=33–100. This work demonstrates the first absolute frequency measurements of rubidium Rydberg levels using a purely optical detection scheme. The Rydberg states are excited in a heated Rb vapour cell and Doppler-free signals are detected via purely optical means. All of the frequency measurements are made using a wavemeter that is calibrated against a Global Positioning System (GPS)-disciplined self-referenced optical frequency comb. We find that the measured levels have a very high frequency stability, and are especially robust against electric fields. The apparatus has allowed measurements of the states to an accuracy of 8.0 MHz. The new measurements are analysed by extracting the modified Rydberg–Ritz series parameters.

arXiv:1002.3066•New Journal of Physics•Jun 15, 2010•34 citations

Measurement of the quantum defects of 85Rb P and F-series via microwave-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy

Shaohua Li, Jinpeng Yuan, Lirong Wang +2 more

We report the measurement of the quantum defects of 85Rb P3/2 and F7/2-series Rydberg levels in a room temperature vapor cell by microwave-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectroscopy. First, a novel microwave optical three-photon excitation method is employed to obtain the microwave-assisted EIT spectroscopy of the 5S1/2 − 5P3/2 – nD5/2 – (n+1)P3/2 or (n-1)F7/2 transition. Next, the Stark shifts of the corresponding Rydberg states relative to the Rabi frequency of microwave field are measured with high accuracy. Finally, the quantum defects, δ0 = 2.64142(15), δ2 = 0.295 for P3/2-series, and δ0 = 0.016411(16), δ2 = -0.0784 for F7/2-series, are forcibly extracted by the modified Rydberg-Ritz formula. This result can serve as a check on advanced theoretical calculations and promote the application of quantum simulations and quantum sensors in atomic ensembles.

Results in Physics•Aug 23, 2021•12 citations
We report our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of 5P3/2, F = 3 to nS and nD Rydberg states of 87Rb with high principal quantum numbers in a wide range of values (n = 45-124). The measurements were performed using Rydberg Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) in ladder-type three-level systems. We measure the transition frequencies with an accuracy of ≤ 2 MHz. We determine the values of the Rydberg-Ritz parameter for 87Rb from our experimental measurements of the transition frequencies. Our measurements of the absolute transition frequencies of the highly excited Rydberg states would be useful for diverse applications in quantum information processing, quantum simulation and quantum sensing with Rydberg atoms.
We report the measurement of absolute excitation frequencies of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb to nSnSnS and nDnDnD Rydberg states. The Rydberg transition frequencies are obtained by observing electromagnetically induced transparency on a rubidium vapor cell. The accuracy of the measurement of each state is $\ensuremath{\lesssim}$1 MHz, which is achieved by frequency stabilizing the two diode lasers employed for the spectroscopy to a frequency comb and a frequency comb calibrated wavelength meter, respectively. Based on the spectroscopic data we determine the quantum defects of 87Rb{}^{87}\text{Rb}87Rb, and compare it with previous measurements on 85Rb{}^{85}\text{Rb}85Rb. We determine the ionization frequency from the 5S1/2(F=1)5{S}_{1/2}(F=1)5S1/2​(F=1) ground state of 87Rb{}^{87}\text{Rb}87Rb to 1010.0291646(3)THz1010.029 164 6(3)\mathrm{THz}1010.0291646(3)THz, providing the binding energy of the ground state with an accuracy improved by two orders of magnitude.
We perform precise measurements of the 87Rb Rydberg excitation spectrum by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a ladder system. We utilize a two-photon excitation configuration with the probe and control lasers at 420 nm and 1013 nm, respectively. In this work, we employ 6P3/2,F′ = 3 as an intermediate state to excite the high-lying Rydberg states of the nS and nD series, with principal quantum numbers ranging from n=35 to n=70. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in this inverted level scheme (λp<λc), we apply a 100 kHz chopping to the control beam, which is followed by a demodulation operated with a lock-in amplifier. Additionally, we verify the ionization energies and determine the quantum defects for the nS and nD series, respectively. Our work offers a database for applications of large-scale quantum simulation and quantum computation with the 87Rb atom array.
Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.
A three-step laser excitation scheme is used to make absolute frequency measurements of highly excited nF 7/2 Rydberg states in 85 Rb for principal quantum numbers n=33–100. This work demonstrates the first absolute frequency measurements of rubidium Rydberg levels using a purely optical detection scheme. The Rydberg states are excited in a heated Rb vapour cell and Doppler-free signals are detected via purely optical means. All of the frequency measurements are made using a wavemeter that is calibrated against a Global Positioning System (GPS)-disciplined self-referenced optical frequency comb. We find that the measured levels have a very high frequency stability, and are especially robust against electric fields. The apparatus has allowed measurements of the states to an accuracy of 8.0 MHz. The new measurements are analysed by extracting the modified Rydberg–Ritz series parameters.
We report the measurement of the quantum defects of 85Rb P3/2 and F7/2-series Rydberg levels in a room temperature vapor cell by microwave-assisted electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectroscopy. First, a novel microwave optical three-photon excitation method is employed to obtain the microwave-assisted EIT spectroscopy of the 5S1/2 − 5P3/2 – nD5/2 – (n+1)P3/2 or (n-1)F7/2 transition. Next, the Stark shifts of the corresponding Rydberg states relative to the Rabi frequency of microwave field are measured with high accuracy. Finally, the quantum defects, δ0 = 2.64142(15), δ2 = 0.295 for P3/2-series, and δ0 = 0.016411(16), δ2 = -0.0784 for F7/2-series, are forcibly extracted by the modified Rydberg-Ritz formula. This result can serve as a check on advanced theoretical calculations and promote the application of quantum simulations and quantum sensors in atomic ensembles.