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Optics and Spectroscopy

Optical bistability at two-wave action of light on a molecular gas

Pavel V. Dogadushkin, Vyacheslav A. Trofimov

Published Feb 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An optically bistable two-wave scheme implemented upon absorption of light energy by a molecular gas is proposed. Switching from one state into another is performed by a pulse at one of the two frequency. At the same time, the medium is continuously exposed to light of another frequency. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the system switched to the upper state remains in this state for an arbitrarily long time. This effect makes it possible to implement long-term dynamic memory and logical operations. A two-wave action on a molecular gas also decreases several tens or hundreds of times the intensities necessary for switching a system from one state to another.

DOI
10.1134/s0030400x07020166

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An optically bistable two-wave scheme implemented upon absorption of light energy by a molecular gas is proposed. Switching from one state into another is performed by a pulse at one of the two frequency. At the same time, the medium is continuously exposed to light of another frequency. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the system switched to the upper state remains in this state for an arbitrarily long time. This effect makes it possible to implement long-term dynamic memory and logical operations. A two-wave action on a molecular gas also decreases several tens or hundreds of times the intensities necessary for switching a system from one state to another.
We report about the dual-wave optical bistable scheme realized on the base of light energy absorption by molecular gas. Switching from one state to another takes place due to optical pulse action on one of the frequencies. Under certain conditions after switching of system to the upper state, it remains in this state as much as long. That allows to realize long-time dynamic memory and various logic operations. Using of dual-wave action on molecular gas leads as well to decreasing in tens and hundreds times the intensity at which switching of system takes place. The obtained results can find wider applications, and not only to considered object - molecular gas, since we do not use its specific properties in our report. The results can be applied, for example, to a polymer, that is more preferable to practice.
The possibility of realizing multistability of states under the action of IR radiation on a molecule under conditions of nonlinear absorption of light energy and dependence of the V-T relaxation time on its vibrational energy is shown. A two-wave optically bistable arrangement potentially having a highly contrasting range of states is proposed. The nonlinear dependence of the V-T relaxation time on the vibrational energy is shown to allow the realization of optical bistability based on the absorption of light energy at the frequency of the fundamental vibrational transition.
An optically bistable absorption system involving several feedback loops formed by the lateral supply of a fraction of light energy passed through a semiconductor with single-and two-photon absorption is analyzed. It is shown that multistability can be realized in the case of two-photon absorption. The use of several loops makes it possible to significantly reduce energy expenditures on switching and to reduce the switching time by approximately a factor of 10. A method of switching the system from one state to another by varying the reflectivities of side mirrors is proposed.
Optical bistability is a phenomenon that arises in the transmission of light by an optical cavity filled with a medium which presents saturable absorption or nonlinear dispersion. From the theoretical viewpoint, optical bistability is a remarkable example of cooperative behaviour in an open system driven far from thermal equilibrium. From the practical viewpoint, optical bistability offers the possibility of realizing memory elements that may perhaps be used to construct an optical computer. We illustrate the basic physical principles of optical bistability at steady state, and the main features of the transient behaviour. The role and the effects of fluctuations (noise) are described in general. Particular attention is devoted to the situations in which the output of the system is not stationary in time, but oscillatory (self-pulsing behaviour), so that the system works as a converter of continuous wave light into pulsed. It is shown that, according to the values of the external parameters, the oscillations can be either periodic in time or completely aperiodic (optical turbulence). The state of the art in the problem of optical bistability is briefly discussed.
The basic opportunity of bistable dependencies of medium temperature and vibrational energy of molecules on heat conduction parameter and on normalized VT-relaxation time is shown for light energy absorption at non-ground vibrational levels. Practical realization is possible, particularly, by usage of elliptically defocused beams. As a result there is anew opportunity to form high temperature domains in the any section of medium, using defocused light beams. The bistability property, discussed within the framework of the point model, is confirmed by modeling of a light pulse propagation in optically non-uniform vessel with molecular gas.
Using computer simulation, the feasibility of absorption optical bistability based on the dependence of the absorption coefficient on an electric field induced by a high-intensity laser pulse acting on a semiconductor and shifting the energy levels of atoms is demonstrated. Unlike the known mechanisms behind absorption optical bistability, here enhanced diffusion of charged particles does not change the rate of switching the system from the lower to upper state. Radiation-semiconductor interaction conditions are found when, after being switched to the upper state, the system remains in it until the laser pulse disappears.