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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Lifetime of the XeII6p4P5/20level using the fast-beam-laser method

R. E. Silverans, G. Borghs, Peter De Bisschop, Marleen Van Hove, J.M. van den Cruyce

Published Jan 28, 1981• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The lifetime of the Xe II 5p 4 6p 4 P 5/2 0 level is measured by selective laser excitation of a fast beam of metastable 5p 4 5d 4 D 7/2 xenon ions and observations of the fluorescent light intensity as a function of flight time. Comparison of the obtained mean lifetime tau =7.53+or-0.15 ns with earlier measurements confirms the results of the photon-photon delayed-coincidence technique.

DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/14/2/002

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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•Aug 1, 1978•0 citations
The lifetime of the Xe II 5p 4 6p 4 P 5/2 0 level is measured by selective laser excitation of a fast beam of metastable 5p 4 5d 4 D 7/2 xenon ions and observations of the fluorescent light intensity as a function of flight time. Comparison of the obtained mean lifetime tau =7.53+or-0.15 ns with earlier measurements confirms the results of the photon-photon delayed-coincidence technique.
A new high-efficiency photon-photon delayed coincidence lifetime measuring apparatus has been constructed and was used to study the 5d {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}F{dollar}\\sb{lcub}9/2{rcub}{dollar} {dollar}\\longrightarrow{dollar} 5p {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}D{dollar}\\sbsp{lcub}7/2{rcub}{lcub}\\rm o{rcub}{dollar} {dollar}\\longrightarrow{dollar} 5s {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}P{dollar}\\sb{lcub}5/2{rcub}{dollar} cascade in Kr II and the 6d {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}F{dollar}\\sb{lcub}7/2{rcub}{dollar} {dollar}\\longrightarrow{dollar} 6p {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}D{dollar}\\sbsp{lcub}5/2{rcub}{lcub}\\rm o{rcub}{dollar} {dollar}\\longrightarrow{dollar} 6s {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}P{dollar}\\sb{lcub}3/2{rcub}{dollar} cascade in Xe II. A neutral atomic beam was excited and ionized by electron impact, and the spontaneously emitted photons were collected by an ellipsoidal mirror, collimated by an aspheric lens, and detected by two Amperex XP2020Q fast linear-focussed photomultipliers provided with narrow-band interference filters. The spectrum of time delays was acquired by a time-to-amplitude converter-multichannel pulse-height analyser combination. The lifetime of the Kr II 5p {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}D{dollar}\\sbsp{lcub}7/2{rcub}{lcub}\\rm o{rcub}{dollar} state was found to be 7.004 {dollar}\\pm{dollar} 0.053 nanoseconds and is in agreement with two previous measurements. This first measurement provided a calibration of the newly constructed apparatus. It also has provided an improvement in the precision with which this lifetime is known by a factor of 3. The Xe II 6p {dollar}\\sp4{dollar}D{dollar}\\sbsp{lcub}5/2{rcub}{lcub}\\rm o{rcub}{dollar} state lifetime was found to be 9.634 {dollar}\\pm{dollar} 0.067 nanoseconds. This result agrees with several measurements of lower accuracy but does not agree with two previous measurements claiming high precision. This discrepancy has not been resolved in this work.
We provide a detailed description of our fast-beam laser lifetime measurements in atomic cesium. Selective excitation of the neutral 133Cs{}^{133}\mathrm{Cs}133Cs 6p2P1/26p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}6p2P1/2​ and 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ states is accomplished with resonant diode laser light directed transversely to the atomic velocity. The in-flight decay of the excited-state fluorescence is observed with a position-correlated single photon-counting detector. The Doppler-shifted 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ resonance, when probed with longitudinally propagating laser radiation, provides a precise means for determination of the beam velocity, and converts the position scale to a time scale. Our lifetime results are $35.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10 \mathrm{ns}$ for the 6p2P1/26p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}6p2P1/2​ state and $30.57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07 \mathrm{ns}$ for the 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ state. These results represent a data set larger than in our previous work, and include beam divergence corrections which have been evaluated by two different methods. We present comparisons of our results with previous measurements and with relativistic many-body calculations of atomic transition matrix elements in this neutral alkali system.
Time-resolved collinear fast-beam laser spectroscopy has been used to measure the lifetime of the T=23 537 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$, J=9/2 odd-parity [abbreviated as (23 537)${\mathrm{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}}_{9/2}$] level in Nd ii. Nanosecond pulsed excitation was achieved with the Doppler switching technique. The fast ions were selectively excited from the metastable 4${\mathit{f}}^{4}$5d 6^{6}6K9/2{\mathit{K}}_{9/2}K9/2​ level to the (23 537)${\mathrm{\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}}}_{9/2}$ level by the light of a cw dye laser. The decay of the resonance fluorescence photons emitted in the transition to the ground 4${\mathit{f}}^{4}$6s 6^{6}6I7/2{\mathit{I}}_{7/2}I7/2​ level, as a function of the flight distance, was observed. The decay length was scaled into the decay time by the ion velocity, which was determined using the optical resonance itself. The lifetime is 27.7(9) ns.
A delayed-coincidence technique has been used to measure the lifetime of the 5d6p1F35d6p^{1}F_{3}5d6p1F3​ state of atomic barium. An intermediate, 6s5d1D26s5d^{1}D_{2}6s5d1D2​ metastable state of barium atoms in an atomic beam was populated by electron bombardment, and a pulsed cw laser was employed to excite atoms from the metastable state to the 5d6p1F35d6p^{1}F_{3}5d6p1F3​ state. A time-to-amplitude convertor was used to measure the time distribution of the fluorescent light. The value obtained for the lifetime was (44.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8) nsec.
In this experiment Xe atoms are pumped to the excited states with an r.f. discharge and irradiated by the 3.99 µm Xe laser on the 5d[1/2] 0 0 →6p[1/2] 1 transition. Fluorescent light from the 6p[1/2] 1 level is observed to be modulated when the atoms are subjected to a low-frequency rotating field in perpendicular to the static field. The natural lifetime of the 6p[1/2] 1 level is obtained to be 56±3 ns. The 3.50 µm laser on the 5d[7/2] 0 3 →6p[5/2] 2 transition is also used. The light modulation signal of the fluorescence from the 6p[5/2] 2 level as a fuction of the magnetic field is a superposition of resonance curves of two different widths. The narrow component is a manifestation of atomic coherence of the 5d[7/2] 0 3 level which is transferred to the 6p[5/2] 2 level. The natural lifetime of the 5d[7/2] 0 3 level is obtained as 73±9 ns from the study of the 6p[5/2] 2 level.