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Journal of Modern Optics

Linear magneto-optic rotation in a cold gas

Justin K. Nash, Frank A. Narducci

Published Jan 1, 2003• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we report on our first measurements of the linear magneto-optic rotation experienced by a linearly polarized weak probe field as it passes through a sample of cold sodium atoms. The results are compared with theory that does account for the residual Doppler broadening but that does not take into account the recoil experienced by the atoms. We compare the results of our theoretical model with our measurements and find that, at the time of this conference presentation, there still exists a discrepancy. Improvements for future experiments are outlined.

DOI
10.1080/09500340308233592

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In this paper, we report on our first measurements of the linear magneto-optic rotation experienced by a linearly polarized weak probe field as it passes through a sample of cold sodium atoms. The results are compared with theory that does account for the residual Doppler broadening but that does not take into account the recoil experienced by the atoms. We compare the results of our theoretical model with our measurements and find that, at the time of this conference presentation, there still exists a discrepancy. Improvements for future experiments are outlined.
We theoretically investigate magneto-optical rotation (MOR) of a linearly polarized probe field in the four-level N-type cold atoms. By applying a static magnetic field and a weak coupling field, it is shown that the birefringence enhancement is induced in the system. Moreover, we show that the static magnetic field has a major role in switching the dichroism to enhanced birefringence in the system. We also obtain a large intensity for the output field with nearly perpendicular MOR angle by 88 degrees with subnatural width. It is demonstrated that Doppler broadening has a destructive effect on the MOR of the polarization direction of the probe field. The results of our study can be used for selecting narrow band of wavelengths and polarization converter for efficient switching of TM/TE polarization modes in optical communication, the depolarization backscattering lidar, polarization spectroscopy and precision measurements.
We report our study of the magneto-optical effect in a strictly linear regime on spin-polarized cold cesium atoms. Due to the low intensity and the short illumination period of the probe beam, less than 7.5% of the sample atoms change their states by absorbing probe photons. We produce a medium of atoms at rest in either the 6S1∕2,F=3,mF=06{S}_{1∕2},F=3,{m}_{F}=06S1∕2​,F=3,mF​=0 or 6S1∕2,F=3,mF=36{S}_{1∕2},F=3,{m}_{F}=36S1∕2​,F=3,mF​=3 state by optically pumping atoms trapped in a magneto-optical trap. We use the D1D1D1 resonance with large lower and upper state hyperfine splittings as a probe transition to avoid hyperfine mixing from the Zeeman interaction. Under this idealized situation we measure the Stokes parameters in order to find the polarization rotation and circular dichroism experienced by the probe light. We find that there are qualitative differences between the results for the mF=0{m}_{F}=0mF​=0 and mF=3{m}_{F}=3mF​=3 cases. While dispersion and consequent Faraday rotation play a dominant role when the atoms are in the mF=0{m}_{F}=0mF​=0 state, it is dissipation and circular dichroism that are important when they are in the mF=3{m}_{F}=3mF​=3 state. Similarly, while the size of the Faraday rotation and the circular dichroism for the mF=0{m}_{F}=0mF​=0 case scales linearly with the applied magnetic field, for the mF=3{m}_{F}=3mF​=3 case it is the shift of the probe polarization change versus frequency that is linearly proportional to the magnetic field strength.
Observation of magneto-optical rotation effects in cold 87^{87}87Rb atoms in an integrating sphere
We present a modified scheme for detection of the magneto-optical rotation (MOR) effect, where a linearly polarized laser field is interacting with cold 87^{87}87Rb atoms in an integrating sphere. The rotation angle of the probe beam's polarization plane is detected in the experiment. The results indicate that the biased magnetic field, the probe light intensity and detuning, and the cold atoms' temperature are key parameters for the MOR effect. This scheme may improve the contrast of the rotation signal and provide an useful approach for high contrast cold atom clocks and magnetometers.
We examine the magneto-optical and image state rotation (MOR) of left and right circularly plane-polarized light pulse through a double Λ-type four-level configuration of Rubidium atom via Kerr field and Doppler broadening in the presence of the static magnetic field. The medium’s behavior is different for both orthogonal components of the probe beam, causing linear dichroism or circular birefringence. Enhanced and lossless MOR is obtained by applying the control field through a closed-loop birefringent system. We observe a magnified angle of rotation of probe field in Doppler broadened medium. It is shown that due to the Kerr nonlinearity, the rotation angle of the probe beam is generated and modified through cold and Doppler broadened medium. Moreover, almost complete polarization rotation is observed for a particular set of parameters. The MOR can be effectively utilized in designing new TM/TE polarization modes, optical communication, polarization spectroscopy, lider with backscattering depolarization, precision measurements, and magnetometry.
We demonstrate a type of chiral effect of an atomic medium. Polarization rotation of a probe beam is observed only when both a magnetic field and a linearly polarized coupling beam are present. We compare it with other chiral effects like optical activity, the Faraday effect, and the optically induced Faraday effect from the viewpoint of spatial inversion and time reversal transformations. As a theoretical model we consider a five-level configuration involving the cesium D2D2D2 transition. We use spin-polarized cold cesium atoms trapped in a magneto-optical trap to measure the polarization rotation versus probe detuning. The result shows reasonable agreement with a calculation from the master equation of the five-level configuration.