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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Nonlinear Optical Properties And Optical Bistability In CdS And ZnSe Crystals

J. Grohs, A. Schmidt, M. Kunz, C. Weber, A. Daunois, B. Schehr, A Rupp, W. Dötter, F. Werner, Claus F. Klingshirn

Published Dec 22, 1989• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper we present our investigations concerning thermally induced optical bistability (OB) in CdS and ZnSe. With CdS platelet type single crystals basic boolean functions are realized. The possibilities of cascadability and parallelity of the information processing and the switching dynamics of the system are examined. Further on the effect of optical noise upon the switching process and the instable branch of the hysteresis loop are measured. In ZnSe both absorptive and dispersive OB are observed. An efficient opto-electric modulator is built using the photothermal SEED-effect.

DOI
10.1117/12.961396

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In this paper we present our investigations concerning thermally induced optical bistability (OB) in CdS and ZnSe. With CdS platelet type single crystals basic boolean functions are realized. The possibilities of cascadability and parallelity of the information processing and the switching dynamics of the system are examined. Further on the effect of optical noise upon the switching process and the instable branch of the hysteresis loop are measured. In ZnSe both absorptive and dispersive OB are observed. An efficient opto-electric modulator is built using the photothermal SEED-effect.
Abstract Thermally induced dispersive and absorptive optical bistability of CdS is investigated in a temperature range of 20 K to RT. The influence of the geometry of the crystals, e. g., thickness, surface area size, and resonator structure, on the hysteresis feature and switching behavior is investigated. The quality of the thermal contact between the sample and the heat sink strongly influences switch‐back times. Further, starting temperature, light spot diameter, and pulse intensity are varied in order to find a set of optimization criteria for this kind of optical bistability. Experimental results are in good agreement with model calculations.
The switching dynamics of thermally induced optical bistability due to increasing absorption is investigated in thin CdS platelets, at room temperature. Fast and slow components can be observed during the switching process, they depend on the holding point intensity and on the switching pulse energy. It is shown that the transverse relaxation of the temperature in the sample influences this dynamics. The spectral shift of the band to band absorption edge, at the origin of the bistable behavior, is observed in a three beam experiment.
Optical bistability (ob) is investigated in CdS in a wide range of intensities. Under pulsed excitation (total pulse width 20 nsec) we find at 5K for ħωexc ≈ 2.550 eV on the flank of the AΓ5 exciton ob of the induced absorption type for incident intensities of Iexc ≈ 1kW/cm2. The nonlinearity is in this case a collision-broadening of the free exciton resonance [1]. The commutation times τ↓ and τ↑ are about 1 nsec and 5 nsec, respectively. For ħωexc ≈ 2.546 eV we observe absorptive ob due to the formation of an electron-hole plasma [2] for Iexc ≈ 1MW/cm2. Single shot experiments show τ↓ ≲ 500 psec being thus to our knowledge one of the shortest commutation times reported for single beam ob so far. The observed hysteresis loops are compared to model calculations with variable pulse lengths. The comparison indicates true ob in our experiments.