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Chinese Physics

Quantum statistics of an atom laser in the presence of a strong input light

Jing Hui, Miao Yuan-Xiu, Yi-ang Han

Published Mar 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Within the framework of quantum dynamical theory, we present a new method to control the quantum statistics of an atom laser by applying a powerful input light. Differing from the case in the rotating wave approximation, the non-classical properties can appear in the output atom laser beam with the evolution of time. By choosing a suitable phase of the input light, it is capable of realizing a steady and brighter output of coherent atom laser.

DOI
10.1088/1009-1963/10/3/303

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Within the framework of quantum dynamical theory, we present a new method to control the quantum statistics of an atom laser by applying a powerful input light. Differing from the case in the rotating wave approximation, the non-classical properties can appear in the output atom laser beam with the evolution of time. By choosing a suitable phase of the input light, it is capable of realizing a steady and brighter output of coherent atom laser.
New levels of control over the atomic motion have been attained through the development of the atom laser. The unique properties of these coherent atomic sources open up a wide range of new possibilities in the fields of atom optics and precision measurement. In this article we have discussed the high contrast interference pattern obtained from an atom laser with two output modes of different energies. It should be possible to create a highly complex interference pattern in the output beam of an atom laser by applying a correspondingly tailored radio wave field for output coupling. A novel atom optical manipulation method allowed us to reflect, recapture and focus an atom laser beam. Due to its simplicity and precision the technique is ideally suited for creating an interferometer for the atom laser beam. It seems feasible to split the atom laser beam into two components and recombine it after delaying one of the two components. The resulting interference pattern would reveal the coherence properties of the atom laser beam.
We present a generalized two-state theory to investigate the quantum dynamics and statistics of an atom laser with nonlinear couplings. The rotating wave approximate Hamiltonian of the system is proved to be analytically solvable. The fraction of output atoms is then showed to exhibit an interesting collapse and revival phenomenon with respect to the evolution time, a sign of nonlinear couplings. Several nonclassical effects, such as sub-Poissonian distribution, quadrature squeezing effects, second-order cross-correlation and accompanied violation of Cauchy-Schwartz inequality are also revealed for the output matter wave. The initial global phase of the trapped condensate, in weak nonlinear coupling limits, is found to exert an interesting impact on the quantum statistical properties of the propagating atom laser beam.
We present a fully quantum-mechanical treatment of a single-mode atomic cavity with a pumping mechanism and an output coupling to a continuum of external modes. This system is a schematic description of an atom laser. In the dilute limit where atom-atom interactions are negligible, we have been able to solve this model without making the Born and Markov approximations. When coupling into free space, it is shown that for reasonable parameters there is a bound state which does not disperse, which means that there is no steady state. This bound state does not exist when gravity is included, and in that case the system reaches a steady state. We develop equations of motion for the two-time correlation in the presence of pumping and gravity in the output modes. We then calculate the energy spectrum of the steady-state output flux from the laser. We present a ``self-consistent Markov approximation'' which allows efficient calculation of this energy spectrum well above threshold.