Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)

An approach to secure wireless communications using randomized eigenvector-based jamming signals

Shichuan Ma, Michael Hempel, Yaoqing Lamar Yang, Hamid Sharif

Published Jun 28, 2010• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for providing secure wireless communications in transmit-receive diversity systems. In this approach, we precode the information-bearing signal with a uniquely generated randomized eigenvector-based jamming signal to impair the eavesdropper's received signal, while the main channel, the link between the transmitter and the desired receiver, remains unaffected. Unlike existing methods, our approach can be applied to any antenna array configuration, even when the receiver and eavesdropper utilize more antennas than the transmitter, with no benefits to the eavesdropper's information detection capability from employing more antenna elements. Moreover, our proposed approach can provide more degrees of freedom for the jamming signal, significantly increasing the provided level of security. Additionally, our scheme does not assume any knowledge about the eavesdropper or even the number of collaborating eavesdroppers. Our simulation results show a secrecy capacity increase of about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 x 4 antenna configuration under typical transmit power constraints, which results in significant improvement in security performance and enables physically secure wireless communications.

DOI
10.1145/1815396.1815665

Related papers

A new approach to null space-based noise signal generation for secure wireless communications in transmit-receive diversity systems

Shichuan Ma, Michael Hempel, Yaoqing Lamar Yang +1 more

An effective method was recently proposed to increase secrecy capacity in MIMO wireless communication systems. By adding artificially generated noise signal into the information-bearing signal, this method can degrade the eavesdropper's receiving signal, but does not affect the desired receiver. This method, however, can only be used in systems where the transmit antenna has more elements than the receive antenna. In this paper, we present a novel noise signal generation approach to enable secure wireless communications in a transmit-receive diversity system. In this approach, we generate our jamming noise signal based on the null space of an equivalent channel of the system. The presented wireless security mechanism can be applied to systems with arbitrary antenna configurations, unlike existing methods that only work for specific array configurations. In addition, the eavesdropper cannot increase its information detection capability by employing more antenna elements. With this scheme, we also enable more degrees of freedom for selecting parameters for jamming noise signal generation, making the decoding at the eavesdropper even harder due to the increased search space. We performed Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the proposed method in an urban macro cellular environment using the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) spatial channel model. Our simulation results show that the proposed approach can significantly increase secrecy capacity, which is independent of the eavesdropper's position and the element number of its antenna.

Wireless Communications, Networking and Information Security•Jun 1, 2010•6 citations

Securing wireless communications in transmit‐beamforming systems by precoding jamming noise signals

Shichuan Ma, Michael Hempel, Yaoqing Lamar Yang +1 more

ABSTRACT Information transmission in wireless communication systems is traditionally protected by cryptographic techniques at the higher layers. Recently, a method of physical layer security has attracted much attention because it can potentially provide lower probability of interception of the signals at the eavesdroppers and hence augment the link security in addition to the conventional encryptions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to securing transmit‐beamforming systems by using uniquely designed jamming noise signal, which can significantly degrade the signal quality at the eavesdropper but not at the intended receiver. The jamming noise signal is generated from the null space of the channel matrix. An eigenvector‐based implementation of this theoretical method is also provided. Unlike previous physical layer security methods, the proposed approach can provide secure communications over systems with arbitrary antenna configurations. Our proposed method offers more degrees of freedom to generate the jamming noise signal, resulting in the eavesdropper being unable to decode the information signals. Moreover, the eavesdropper cannot influence the system secrecy capacity by employing more antennas or by moving close to the transmitter. Simulation results show that the secrecy capacity increases significantly, by about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 × 4 antenna configuration, under typical transmit power constraints. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Security and Communication Networks•Nov 8, 2011•1 citation

Impact of channel estimation errors on effectiveness of Eigenvector-based jamming for physical layer security in wireless networks

James M. Taylor, Michael Hempel, Hamid Sharif +2 more

In this paper, we present our study of an Eigenvector-based artificial noise-based jamming technique developed to provide increased wireless physical layer security in transmit-receive diversity systems and analyze the impact of channel estimation errors on system performance. Our simulation results showed that with knowledge of perfect channel state information, the technique provided secrecy capacity of approximately 7 bits/s/Hz for a normalized transmit power of 25 dB for a variety of transmit, receive, and eavesdropper configurations. We also describe a novel method to simulate generalized channel state information estimation errors. While other publications neglect the impact of these estimation errors, our simulations show that the secrecy capacity decreased rapidly as the channel estimation errors increased. For instance, at 25% error the secrecy capacity of the jamming technique was only slightly better than the non-jamming case. Our paper also outlines upcoming research efforts to further explore error sensitivity and channel state temporal stability through experimentation.

IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)•Jun 1, 2011•18 citations

A Two-Dimensional Vectorized Secure Transmission Scheme for Wireless Communications

Renyong Wu, Chao Yuan, Ning Zhang +1 more

Wireless communication security can be enhanced by leveraging the characteristics of the physical (PHY) layer, where discriminatory scrambling can be employed at the symbol level to either improve the signal quality of the legitimate receiver or degrade that of the eavesdroppers. However, in the presence of multiple passive eavesdroppers with more antennas than the transmitter, the transmitted signals can still be reliably separated from random disturbances. To mitigate this challenge, we propose a two-dimensional vectorized secure transmission scheme. Unlike existing transmission schemes (where the same data symbol is sent over each antenna with a predesigned complex weight at a time), in the proposed scheme, a sequence of data symbols in a predefined order (named symbol vector) is first pre-superposed through pre-coding with a random complex matrix prior to been sent as a vector in parallel over each transmitting antenna at a time. As a result, physical randomness of the legitimate channel is introduced into the received signals at passive eavesdroppers in the pre-coding procedure. Moreover, to ensure that transmitted data symbols can be recovered in the right order, each symbol vector is sent repeatedly, according to the principle of maximum entropy. To ensure the intended receiver can recover the transmitted symbol vector, the random pre-coding matrices are selected such that a linear constraint imposed by the CSI of the legitimate channel is satisfied. In addition, an extended maximum likelihood (ML) detection method is developed for the desired receiver while the random pre-coding matrices are not required to be transmitted. We then analyze its security based on the signal detection theory to demonstrate that the intended receiver can recover the transmitted symbol vectors while the eavesdroppers are not capable of doing so. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme to demonstrate its effectiveness.

IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security•Nov 20, 2019•4 citations

Multiuser Diversity for Secrecy Communications Using Opportunistic Jammer Selection: Secure DoF and Jammer Scaling Law

Jung Hoon Lee, Wan Choi

In this paper, we propose opportunistic jammer selection in a wireless security system for increasing the secure degrees of freedom (DoF) between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver (say, Alice and Bob). There is a jammer group consisting of S jammers among which Bob selects K jammers. The selected jammers transmit independent and identically distributed Gaussian signals to hinder the eavesdropper (Eve). Since the channels of Bob and Eve are independent, we can select the jammers whose jamming channels are aligned at Bob, but not at Eve. As a result, Eve cannot obtain any DoF unless it has more than KNj receive antennas, where Nj is the number of each jammer's transmit antenna, and hence KNj can be regarded as defensible dimensions against Eve. For the jamming signal alignment at Bob, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes and find the scaling law of the required number of jammers for target secure DoF by a geometrical interpretation of the received signals.

arXiv:1309.7451•IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing•Jan 24, 2014•46 citations

A new jamming technique for secrecy in multi-antenna wireless networks

Omar Bakr, Raghuraman Mudumbai

We consider the problem of secure wireless communication in the presence of an eavesdropper when the transmitter has multiple antennas, using a variation of the recently proposed artificial noise technique. Under this technique, the transmitter sends a pseudo-noise jamming signal to selectively degrade the link to the eavesdropper without affecting the desired receiver. The previous work in the literature focuses on ideal Gaussian signaling for both the desired signal and the noise signal. The main contribution of this paper is to show that the Gaussian signaling model has important limitations and propose an alternative “induced fading” jamming technique that takes some of these limitations into account. Specifically we show that under the Gaussian noise scheme, the eavesdropper is able to recover the desired signal with very low bit error rates when the transmitter is constrained to use constant envelope signaling. Furthermore, we show that an eavesdropper with multiple antennas is able to use simple, blind constant-envelope algorithms to completely remove the Gaussian artificial noise signal and thus defeat the secrecy scheme. We propose an alternative scheme that induces artificial fading in the channel to the eavesdropper, and show that it outperforms the Gaussian noise scheme in the sense of causing higher bit error rates at the eavesdropper and is also more resistant to constant modulus-type algorithms.

IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)•Jun 1, 2010•7 citations
In this paper, we propose a novel approach for providing secure wireless communications in transmit-receive diversity systems. In this approach, we precode the information-bearing signal with a uniquely generated randomized eigenvector-based jamming signal to impair the eavesdropper's received signal, while the main channel, the link between the transmitter and the desired receiver, remains unaffected. Unlike existing methods, our approach can be applied to any antenna array configuration, even when the receiver and eavesdropper utilize more antennas than the transmitter, with no benefits to the eavesdropper's information detection capability from employing more antenna elements. Moreover, our proposed approach can provide more degrees of freedom for the jamming signal, significantly increasing the provided level of security. Additionally, our scheme does not assume any knowledge about the eavesdropper or even the number of collaborating eavesdroppers. Our simulation results show a secrecy capacity increase of about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 x 4 antenna configuration under typical transmit power constraints, which results in significant improvement in security performance and enables physically secure wireless communications.
An effective method was recently proposed to increase secrecy capacity in MIMO wireless communication systems. By adding artificially generated noise signal into the information-bearing signal, this method can degrade the eavesdropper's receiving signal, but does not affect the desired receiver. This method, however, can only be used in systems where the transmit antenna has more elements than the receive antenna. In this paper, we present a novel noise signal generation approach to enable secure wireless communications in a transmit-receive diversity system. In this approach, we generate our jamming noise signal based on the null space of an equivalent channel of the system. The presented wireless security mechanism can be applied to systems with arbitrary antenna configurations, unlike existing methods that only work for specific array configurations. In addition, the eavesdropper cannot increase its information detection capability by employing more antenna elements. With this scheme, we also enable more degrees of freedom for selecting parameters for jamming noise signal generation, making the decoding at the eavesdropper even harder due to the increased search space. We performed Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the proposed method in an urban macro cellular environment using the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) spatial channel model. Our simulation results show that the proposed approach can significantly increase secrecy capacity, which is independent of the eavesdropper's position and the element number of its antenna.
ABSTRACT Information transmission in wireless communication systems is traditionally protected by cryptographic techniques at the higher layers. Recently, a method of physical layer security has attracted much attention because it can potentially provide lower probability of interception of the signals at the eavesdroppers and hence augment the link security in addition to the conventional encryptions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to securing transmit‐beamforming systems by using uniquely designed jamming noise signal, which can significantly degrade the signal quality at the eavesdropper but not at the intended receiver. The jamming noise signal is generated from the null space of the channel matrix. An eigenvector‐based implementation of this theoretical method is also provided. Unlike previous physical layer security methods, the proposed approach can provide secure communications over systems with arbitrary antenna configurations. Our proposed method offers more degrees of freedom to generate the jamming noise signal, resulting in the eavesdropper being unable to decode the information signals. Moreover, the eavesdropper cannot influence the system secrecy capacity by employing more antennas or by moving close to the transmitter. Simulation results show that the secrecy capacity increases significantly, by about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 × 4 antenna configuration, under typical transmit power constraints. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In this paper, we present our study of an Eigenvector-based artificial noise-based jamming technique developed to provide increased wireless physical layer security in transmit-receive diversity systems and analyze the impact of channel estimation errors on system performance. Our simulation results showed that with knowledge of perfect channel state information, the technique provided secrecy capacity of approximately 7 bits/s/Hz for a normalized transmit power of 25 dB for a variety of transmit, receive, and eavesdropper configurations. We also describe a novel method to simulate generalized channel state information estimation errors. While other publications neglect the impact of these estimation errors, our simulations show that the secrecy capacity decreased rapidly as the channel estimation errors increased. For instance, at 25% error the secrecy capacity of the jamming technique was only slightly better than the non-jamming case. Our paper also outlines upcoming research efforts to further explore error sensitivity and channel state temporal stability through experimentation.
Wireless communication security can be enhanced by leveraging the characteristics of the physical (PHY) layer, where discriminatory scrambling can be employed at the symbol level to either improve the signal quality of the legitimate receiver or degrade that of the eavesdroppers. However, in the presence of multiple passive eavesdroppers with more antennas than the transmitter, the transmitted signals can still be reliably separated from random disturbances. To mitigate this challenge, we propose a two-dimensional vectorized secure transmission scheme. Unlike existing transmission schemes (where the same data symbol is sent over each antenna with a predesigned complex weight at a time), in the proposed scheme, a sequence of data symbols in a predefined order (named symbol vector) is first pre-superposed through pre-coding with a random complex matrix prior to been sent as a vector in parallel over each transmitting antenna at a time. As a result, physical randomness of the legitimate channel is introduced into the received signals at passive eavesdroppers in the pre-coding procedure. Moreover, to ensure that transmitted data symbols can be recovered in the right order, each symbol vector is sent repeatedly, according to the principle of maximum entropy. To ensure the intended receiver can recover the transmitted symbol vector, the random pre-coding matrices are selected such that a linear constraint imposed by the CSI of the legitimate channel is satisfied. In addition, an extended maximum likelihood (ML) detection method is developed for the desired receiver while the random pre-coding matrices are not required to be transmitted. We then analyze its security based on the signal detection theory to demonstrate that the intended receiver can recover the transmitted symbol vectors while the eavesdroppers are not capable of doing so. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme to demonstrate its effectiveness.
In this paper, we propose opportunistic jammer selection in a wireless security system for increasing the secure degrees of freedom (DoF) between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver (say, Alice and Bob). There is a jammer group consisting of S jammers among which Bob selects K jammers. The selected jammers transmit independent and identically distributed Gaussian signals to hinder the eavesdropper (Eve). Since the channels of Bob and Eve are independent, we can select the jammers whose jamming channels are aligned at Bob, but not at Eve. As a result, Eve cannot obtain any DoF unless it has more than KNj receive antennas, where Nj is the number of each jammer's transmit antenna, and hence KNj can be regarded as defensible dimensions against Eve. For the jamming signal alignment at Bob, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes and find the scaling law of the required number of jammers for target secure DoF by a geometrical interpretation of the received signals.
We consider the problem of secure wireless communication in the presence of an eavesdropper when the transmitter has multiple antennas, using a variation of the recently proposed artificial noise technique. Under this technique, the transmitter sends a pseudo-noise jamming signal to selectively degrade the link to the eavesdropper without affecting the desired receiver. The previous work in the literature focuses on ideal Gaussian signaling for both the desired signal and the noise signal. The main contribution of this paper is to show that the Gaussian signaling model has important limitations and propose an alternative “induced fading” jamming technique that takes some of these limitations into account. Specifically we show that under the Gaussian noise scheme, the eavesdropper is able to recover the desired signal with very low bit error rates when the transmitter is constrained to use constant envelope signaling. Furthermore, we show that an eavesdropper with multiple antennas is able to use simple, blind constant-envelope algorithms to completely remove the Gaussian artificial noise signal and thus defeat the secrecy scheme. We propose an alternative scheme that induces artificial fading in the channel to the eavesdropper, and show that it outperforms the Gaussian noise scheme in the sense of causing higher bit error rates at the eavesdropper and is also more resistant to constant modulus-type algorithms.