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arXiv:1309.7451 · IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing

Multiuser Diversity for Secrecy Communications Using Opportunistic Jammer Selection: Secure DoF and Jammer Scaling Law

Jung Hoon Lee, Wan Choi

Published Jan 24, 2014• 46 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

In this paper, we propose opportunistic jammer selection in a wireless security system for increasing the secure degrees of freedom (DoF) between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver (say, Alice and Bob). There is a jammer group consisting of S jammers among which Bob selects K jammers. The selected jammers transmit independent and identically distributed Gaussian signals to hinder the eavesdropper (Eve). Since the channels of Bob and Eve are independent, we can select the jammers whose jamming channels are aligned at Bob, but not at Eve. As a result, Eve cannot obtain any DoF unless it has more than KNj receive antennas, where Nj is the number of each jammer's transmit antenna, and hence KNj can be regarded as defensible dimensions against Eve. For the jamming signal alignment at Bob, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes and find the scaling law of the required number of jammers for target secure DoF by a geometrical interpretation of the received signals.

DOI
10.1109/tsp.2013.2293979

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In this paper, we propose opportunistic jammer selection in a wireless security system for increasing the secure degrees of freedom (DoF) between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver (say, Alice and Bob). There is a jammer group consisting of S jammers among which Bob selects K jammers. The selected jammers transmit independent and identically distributed Gaussian signals to hinder the eavesdropper (Eve). Since the channels of Bob and Eve are independent, we can select the jammers whose jamming channels are aligned at Bob, but not at Eve. As a result, Eve cannot obtain any DoF unless it has more than KNj receive antennas, where Nj is the number of each jammer's transmit antenna, and hence KNj can be regarded as defensible dimensions against Eve. For the jamming signal alignment at Bob, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes and find the scaling law of the required number of jammers for target secure DoF by a geometrical interpretation of the received signals.
In this paper, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes for secure communications aided by jammers using the concept of interference alignment. Because jamming signals are interference to both a legitimate receiver and a eavesdropper, the legitimate receiver selects two jammers whose jamming signals are the most aligned in a small dimensional subspace. The alignment is measured by either interference-to-noise ratio (INR) or chordal distance for the opportunistic jammer selection. We find the achievable secure degrees of freedom (DoF) by the proposed jammer selection schemes when the number of jammers goes to infinity and find the computational complexity of each scheme.
This paper studies the secrecy communication of the single-input-single-output multieavesdropper (SISOME) channel with multiple single-antenna jammers, where the jammers and the eavesdroppers are distributed according to the independent 2-D homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP). For enhancing the physical layer security, we propose an opportunistic multiple-jammer selection scheme, where the jammers whose channel gains to the legitimate receiver are less than a threshold are selected to transmit independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian jamming signals to confound the eavesdroppers. We characterize the secrecy throughput achieved by our proposed jammer selection scheme and show that the secrecy throughput is a quasi-concave function of the selection threshold.
In this article, we investigate the physical layer security for a wireless communication system consisting of a base station (BS) and a user (U) in the face of an eavesdropper (E). A friendly jammer is opportunistically selected from multiple jammers to create intentional interference upon E. However, the legitimate user U is not aware of the information transmitted by the jammer and thus cannot remove the interfering signal. In this context, we propose interference-limited opportunistic jammer selection (IL-OJS) scheme and interference-canceled opportunistic jammer selection (IC-OJS) scheme to reduce the damage of interference to U for improving physical layer security. Specifically, in the IL-OJS scheme, the selected jammer sets an interference threshold. When the interference to U is less than the threshold value, the selected jammer will work (i.e., emit artificial noise), and vice versa, it will stop jamming. By contrast, IC-OJS scheme utilizes a specially designed signal to eliminate interference received by U from the selected jammer. For comparison, we also present the conventional non-jammer (NJ) scheme as a benchmark. Exact and asymptotic closed-form secrecy outage probability expressions for NJ, IL-OJS, and IC-OJS schemes are derived over Nakagami-mmmfading channels. Numerical results show that the secrecy performance of proposed IL-OJS and IC-OJS schemes is better than that of NJ scheme. Additionally, the secrecy outage probability performance of IL-OJS and IC-OJS schemes can be improved by increasing the number of jammers.
This paper studies a single-input multi-output multi-eavesdropper (SIMOME) wiretap channel with multiple friendly single-antenna jammers. We consider random networks where the jammers and the eavesdroppers are distributed according to independent two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point processes (PPP). We propose an opportunistic jammer selection scheme for the physical layer security enhancement, where the jammers whose channels are nearly orthogonal to the channel direction information (CDI) of the legitimate channel are selected to transmit independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian jamming signals to confound the eavesdroppers. The proposed scheme does not require a centralized design and signal coordinations among multiple jammers are not needed anymore. Furthermore, we analyze both the achievable secrecy throughput and the ergodic secrecy rate of the proposed jammer selection scheme. Based on the analysis results, we optimize the selection threshold for the secrecy throughput maximization and ergodic secrecy rate maximization. Simulation results show that the proposed jammer selection scheme can achieve a substantial performance gain.
In this paper, we propose a novel approach for providing secure wireless communications in transmit-receive diversity systems. In this approach, we precode the information-bearing signal with a uniquely generated randomized eigenvector-based jamming signal to impair the eavesdropper's received signal, while the main channel, the link between the transmitter and the desired receiver, remains unaffected. Unlike existing methods, our approach can be applied to any antenna array configuration, even when the receiver and eavesdropper utilize more antennas than the transmitter, with no benefits to the eavesdropper's information detection capability from employing more antenna elements. Moreover, our proposed approach can provide more degrees of freedom for the jamming signal, significantly increasing the provided level of security. Additionally, our scheme does not assume any knowledge about the eavesdropper or even the number of collaborating eavesdroppers. Our simulation results show a secrecy capacity increase of about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 x 4 antenna configuration under typical transmit power constraints, which results in significant improvement in security performance and enables physically secure wireless communications.
This paper considers a Gaussian multi-input multi-output (MIMO) wiretap channel with a legitimate transmitter, a legitimate receiver (Bob), an eavesdropper (Eve), and a cooperative jammer. All nodes may be equipped with multiple antennas. Traditionally, the jammer transmits Gaussian noise (GN) to enhance the security. However, using this approach, the jamming signal interferes not only with Eve but also with Bob. In this paper, besides the GN strategy, we assume that the jammer can also choose to use the encoded jammer (EJ) strategy, i.e., instead of GN, it transmits a codeword from an appropriate codebook. In certain conditions, the EJ scheme enables Bob to decode the jamming codeword and thus cancel the interference, while Eve remains unable to do so even if it knows all the codebooks. We first derive an inner bound on the system’s secrecy rate under the strong secrecy metric, and then consider the maximization this bound through precoder design in a computationally efficient manner. In the single-input multi-output (SIMO) case, we prove that although non-convex, the power control problems can be optimally solved for both GN and EJ schemes. In the MIMO case, we propose to solve the problems using the matrix simultaneous diagonalization (SD) technique, which requires quite a low computational complexity. Simulation results show that by introducing a cooperative jammer with coding capability, and allowing it to switch between the GN and EJ schemes, a dramatic increase in the secrecy rate can be achieved. In addition, the proposed algorithms can significantly outperform the current state of the art benchmarks in terms of both secrecy rate and computation time.