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Opportunistic jammer selection for secure degrees of freedom

Jung Hoon Lee, Seong Ho Chae, Wan Choi

Published Dec 1, 2012• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes for secure communications aided by jammers using the concept of interference alignment. Because jamming signals are interference to both a legitimate receiver and a eavesdropper, the legitimate receiver selects two jammers whose jamming signals are the most aligned in a small dimensional subspace. The alignment is measured by either interference-to-noise ratio (INR) or chordal distance for the opportunistic jammer selection. We find the achievable secure degrees of freedom (DoF) by the proposed jammer selection schemes when the number of jammers goes to infinity and find the computational complexity of each scheme.

DOI
10.1109/glocom.2012.6503889

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In this paper, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes for secure communications aided by jammers using the concept of interference alignment. Because jamming signals are interference to both a legitimate receiver and a eavesdropper, the legitimate receiver selects two jammers whose jamming signals are the most aligned in a small dimensional subspace. The alignment is measured by either interference-to-noise ratio (INR) or chordal distance for the opportunistic jammer selection. We find the achievable secure degrees of freedom (DoF) by the proposed jammer selection schemes when the number of jammers goes to infinity and find the computational complexity of each scheme.
In this paper, we propose opportunistic jammer selection in a wireless security system for increasing the secure degrees of freedom (DoF) between a transmitter and a legitimate receiver (say, Alice and Bob). There is a jammer group consisting of S jammers among which Bob selects K jammers. The selected jammers transmit independent and identically distributed Gaussian signals to hinder the eavesdropper (Eve). Since the channels of Bob and Eve are independent, we can select the jammers whose jamming channels are aligned at Bob, but not at Eve. As a result, Eve cannot obtain any DoF unless it has more than KNj receive antennas, where Nj is the number of each jammer's transmit antenna, and hence KNj can be regarded as defensible dimensions against Eve. For the jamming signal alignment at Bob, we propose two opportunistic jammer selection schemes and find the scaling law of the required number of jammers for target secure DoF by a geometrical interpretation of the received signals.
In this article, we investigate the physical layer security for a wireless communication system consisting of a base station (BS) and a user (U) in the face of an eavesdropper (E). A friendly jammer is opportunistically selected from multiple jammers to create intentional interference upon E. However, the legitimate user U is not aware of the information transmitted by the jammer and thus cannot remove the interfering signal. In this context, we propose interference-limited opportunistic jammer selection (IL-OJS) scheme and interference-canceled opportunistic jammer selection (IC-OJS) scheme to reduce the damage of interference to U for improving physical layer security. Specifically, in the IL-OJS scheme, the selected jammer sets an interference threshold. When the interference to U is less than the threshold value, the selected jammer will work (i.e., emit artificial noise), and vice versa, it will stop jamming. By contrast, IC-OJS scheme utilizes a specially designed signal to eliminate interference received by U from the selected jammer. For comparison, we also present the conventional non-jammer (NJ) scheme as a benchmark. Exact and asymptotic closed-form secrecy outage probability expressions for NJ, IL-OJS, and IC-OJS schemes are derived over Nakagami-mmmfading channels. Numerical results show that the secrecy performance of proposed IL-OJS and IC-OJS schemes is better than that of NJ scheme. Additionally, the secrecy outage probability performance of IL-OJS and IC-OJS schemes can be improved by increasing the number of jammers.
This paper studies the secrecy communication of the single-input-single-output multieavesdropper (SISOME) channel with multiple single-antenna jammers, where the jammers and the eavesdroppers are distributed according to the independent 2-D homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP). For enhancing the physical layer security, we propose an opportunistic multiple-jammer selection scheme, where the jammers whose channel gains to the legitimate receiver are less than a threshold are selected to transmit independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian jamming signals to confound the eavesdroppers. We characterize the secrecy throughput achieved by our proposed jammer selection scheme and show that the secrecy throughput is a quasi-concave function of the selection threshold.
This paper studies a single-input multi-output multi-eavesdropper (SIMOME) wiretap channel with multiple friendly single-antenna jammers. We consider random networks where the jammers and the eavesdroppers are distributed according to independent two-dimensional homogeneous Poisson point processes (PPP). We propose an opportunistic jammer selection scheme for the physical layer security enhancement, where the jammers whose channels are nearly orthogonal to the channel direction information (CDI) of the legitimate channel are selected to transmit independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian jamming signals to confound the eavesdroppers. The proposed scheme does not require a centralized design and signal coordinations among multiple jammers are not needed anymore. Furthermore, we analyze both the achievable secrecy throughput and the ergodic secrecy rate of the proposed jammer selection scheme. Based on the analysis results, we optimize the selection threshold for the secrecy throughput maximization and ergodic secrecy rate maximization. Simulation results show that the proposed jammer selection scheme can achieve a substantial performance gain.
In this paper, we propose an opportunistic user selection criterion to obtain a multiuser diversity gain for secure communication. At the same time, we also propose a strategy for utilizing a small base station in heterogeneous networks as a helper or a jammer adaptively. Our approach is to maximize the secrecy achievable rate based on an analytically derived lower bound instead of the original objective function due to its complexity. Based on a simple proposed user selection criterion considering both macro and small base stations, we propose two jamming strategies according to knowledge of eavesdropper's channel: adaptive jamming and probabilistic jamming strategies. Through simulations in two scenarios, it is shown that our proposed user selection and jamming schemes provide a good performance gain in terms of secrecy achievable rate.
We consider a secure communication over a two-user Gaussian interference channel, where each transmitter sends a confidential message to its legitimate receiver. For this setting, we identify a regime where the simple scheme of using Gaussian wiretap codebook at each transmitter (without cooperative jamming) and treating interference as noise at each intended receiver (in short, GWC-TIN scheme) achieves the optimal secure sum capacity to within a constant gap. For the symmetric case, this simple scheme is optimal when the interference-to-signal ratio (all link strengths in decibel scale) is no more than 2/3. However, when the ratio is more than 2/3, we show that this simple scheme is not optimal anymore and a scheme with cooperative jamming is proposed to achieve the optimal secure sum generalized degrees-of-freedom (GDoF). Specifically, for the symmetric case, we complete the optimal secure sum GDoF characterization for all the interference regimes, for almost all channel gains (except for a set of channel gains of measure zero).