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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Controllable quantum states through cascaded parametric processes in superlattices

Diana A. Antonosyan, T. V. Gevorgyan, Gagik Yu. Kryuchkyan

Published Oct 29, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate production of three-photon and four-photon states in cascaded parametric processes of photon splitting and summing in χ (2)nonlinear media, under action of pump field. Generation of photon triplets using simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω1+ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 , is considered in dual-grating layered structure that involves nonlinear and linear segments. The production of heralded two-photon entangled states from three-photon states is analyzed for this configuration by using the method of conditional detection of auxiliary photons. Cascaded four-photon downconversion based on simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω2 +ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 is arranged for phase-reversed configuration. The effects of correlation between photons in both three-photon and four-photon states is analyzed in the regimes of amplification of corresponding modes at the frequency of three-photon downconversion ω1 = ω0/3 and the frequency of four-photon down-conversion ω1 = ω0/4respectively for both cascaded systems.

DOI
10.1117/12.891132

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We investigate production of three-photon and four-photon states in cascaded parametric processes of photon splitting and summing in χ (2)nonlinear media, under action of pump field. Generation of photon triplets using simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω1+ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 , is considered in dual-grating layered structure that involves nonlinear and linear segments. The production of heralded two-photon entangled states from three-photon states is analyzed for this configuration by using the method of conditional detection of auxiliary photons. Cascaded four-photon downconversion based on simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω2 +ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 is arranged for phase-reversed configuration. The effects of correlation between photons in both three-photon and four-photon states is analyzed in the regimes of amplification of corresponding modes at the frequency of three-photon downconversion ω1 = ω0/3 and the frequency of four-photon down-conversion ω1 = ω0/4respectively for both cascaded systems.
It has been a longstanding goal in quantum optics to realize controllable sources generating joint multiphoton states, particularly photon triplet with arbitrary spectral characteristics. We demonstrate that such sources can be realized via cascaded parametric down-conversion (PDC) in superlattice structures of nonlinear and linear segments. We consider a scheme that involves two parametric processes---${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}+{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}$, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}+{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}$ under pulsed pump---and investigate the spontaneous creation of a photon triplet as well as the generation of high-intensity mode in intracavity three-photon splitting. We show the preparation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger polarization-entangled states in cascaded type-II and type-I PDC in the framework of considering the dual-grid structure that involves two periodically poled crystals. We demonstrate the method of compensation of the dispersive effects in nonlinear segments by appropriately chosen linear dispersive segments of superlattice for preparation of the heralded joint states of two polarized photons. In the case of intracavity three-photon splitting, we concentrate on the investigation of photon-number distributions, third-order photon-number correlation function, as well as the Wigner functions. These quantities are observed both for short interaction time intervals and the over-transient regime, when dissipative effects are essential.
The search for new methods to produce entangled photons is a subject of great interest in quantum optics. We show theoretically that two_photon entangled states may be generated through a cascaded nonlinear optical process in a quasiperiodic optical superlattice. When an idler photon ωi produced from spontaneous parametric down conversion (ωp=ωs+ωi) combines with a pum p photon to produce a sum frequency photon ωb(ωb=ωi+ω p), the latter is entangled with the remaining signal photon ωi. Both a pulsed and a cw 532nm laser have been used to pump a quasi_phase matched LiTaO 3 crystal to generate simultaneously 630nm signal photons through parametric d own conversion and 460nm sum frequency photons. The advantage of this method is that entangled photons of short wavelength may be produced.
Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration we shortly analyze preparation of polarization-non-product states looking further applications of these results in the cascaded optical parametric oscillator. It is also demonststed the nonclassical characteritics of the photon-triplet in phase-space on the base of the Wigner function. Calculating the normalized third-order correlation functions below-and at the generation threshold of cascaded optical parametric oscillator, we demonstrate that in the pulsed regime, depending on the duration of pulses and the time-interval separations between them, the degree of three-photon-number correlation essentially exceed the analogous one for the case of continuous pumping.
We investigate production of three-photon states in cascaded parametric down-conversion (PDC). The analysis includes preparation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger polarization-entangled states in cascaded type-II and type-I PDC in the framework of considering the dual-grid structure that involves two periodically poled crystals. Considering cascaded optical parametric oscillator (OPO) driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes, we investigate quantum statistical properties of high intensity mode generated in intracavity three-photon splitting. Calculating the normalized third-order correlation function below-and at the generation threshold, we demonstrate that in the pulsed regime, depending on the duration of pulses and the time-interval separations between them, the degree of three-photon-number correlation essentially exceed the analogous one for the case of continuous pumping.
The results of quantum analysis of the light generated by consecutive and simultaneous quasi-phase-matched (QPM) wave interactions in periodically poled nonlinear crystals (PPNCs) are presented. In the case of the consecutive interactions of waves with multiple frequencies ω, 2ω and 3ω, the parametric amplification at low-frequency pumping is investigated. Generation of the quadrature-squeezed light at frequencies ω and 3ω in the 2ω frequency pumping field, the photon statistics and correlation as well as the entanglement properties for photons produced at different frequencies are studied. In the case of simultaneous QPM spontaneous parametric down-conversion processes in single PPNC, the main attention is paid to obtaining the polarization-entangled states at the collinear geometry of the wave interaction.
The three-color continuous-variable entanglement directly produced by a cascaded nonlinear process in an optical superlattice was investigated theoretically. This cascaded nonlinear process can be realized by using quasi-phase-matching technique in a quasiperiodic superlattice. In the first step, signal- and idle-beams can be generated by a parametric down-conversion. Then, the third beam can be obtained through sum-frequency of idle and pump. The degree of quadrature phase amplitude correlations between the three modes was discussed by a sufficient inseparability criterion with a single inequality for continuous-variable entanglement.