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arXiv:1205.3879

Pulsed "three-photon" light

T. V. Gevorgyan, Gagik Yu. Kryuchkyan

Published May 17, 2012• 0 citations
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Abstract

Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration we shortly analyze preparation of polarization-non-product states looking further applications of these results in the cascaded optical parametric oscillator. It is also demonststed the nonclassical characteritics of the photon-triplet in phase-space on the base of the Wigner function. Calculating the normalized third-order correlation functions below-and at the generation threshold of cascaded optical parametric oscillator, we demonstrate that in the pulsed regime, depending on the duration of pulses and the time-interval separations between them, the degree of three-photon-number correlation essentially exceed the analogous one for the case of continuous pumping.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1205.3879

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Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration Generating multi-photon entangled states is a primary task for applications of quantum information processing. We investigate production of photon-triplet in a regime of light amplification in second-order nonlinear media under action of a pulsed laser beam. For this goal the process of cascaded three-photon splitting in an optical cavity driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes is investigated. Considering production of photon-triplet for short-time regime and in the cascaded three-wave collinear configuration we shortly analyze preparation of polarization-non-product states looking further applications of these results in the cascaded optical parametric oscillator. It is also demonststed the nonclassical characteritics of the photon-triplet in phase-space on the base of the Wigner function. Calculating the normalized third-order correlation functions below-and at the generation threshold of cascaded optical parametric oscillator, we demonstrate that in the pulsed regime, depending on the duration of pulses and the time-interval separations between them, the degree of three-photon-number correlation essentially exceed the analogous one for the case of continuous pumping.
We investigate production of three-photon states in cascaded parametric down-conversion (PDC). The analysis includes preparation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger polarization-entangled states in cascaded type-II and type-I PDC in the framework of considering the dual-grid structure that involves two periodically poled crystals. Considering cascaded optical parametric oscillator (OPO) driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes, we investigate quantum statistical properties of high intensity mode generated in intracavity three-photon splitting. Calculating the normalized third-order correlation function below-and at the generation threshold, we demonstrate that in the pulsed regime, depending on the duration of pulses and the time-interval separations between them, the degree of three-photon-number correlation essentially exceed the analogous one for the case of continuous pumping.
We investigate production of three-photon and four-photon states in cascaded parametric processes of photon splitting and summing in χ (2)nonlinear media, under action of pump field. Generation of photon triplets using simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω1+ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 , is considered in dual-grating layered structure that involves nonlinear and linear segments. The production of heralded two-photon entangled states from three-photon states is analyzed for this configuration by using the method of conditional detection of auxiliary photons. Cascaded four-photon downconversion based on simultaneously phase matched three-photon processes: ω0↔ω2 +ω2 , ω2↔ω1+ω1 is arranged for phase-reversed configuration. The effects of correlation between photons in both three-photon and four-photon states is analyzed in the regimes of amplification of corresponding modes at the frequency of three-photon downconversion ω1 = ω0/3 and the frequency of four-photon down-conversion ω1 = ω0/4respectively for both cascaded systems.
It has been a longstanding goal in quantum optics to realize controllable sources generating joint multiphoton states, particularly photon triplet with arbitrary spectral characteristics. We demonstrate that such sources can be realized via cascaded parametric down-conversion (PDC) in superlattice structures of nonlinear and linear segments. We consider a scheme that involves two parametric processes---${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}+{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}$, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}+{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}$ under pulsed pump---and investigate the spontaneous creation of a photon triplet as well as the generation of high-intensity mode in intracavity three-photon splitting. We show the preparation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger polarization-entangled states in cascaded type-II and type-I PDC in the framework of considering the dual-grid structure that involves two periodically poled crystals. We demonstrate the method of compensation of the dispersive effects in nonlinear segments by appropriately chosen linear dispersive segments of superlattice for preparation of the heralded joint states of two polarized photons. In the case of intracavity three-photon splitting, we concentrate on the investigation of photon-number distributions, third-order photon-number correlation function, as well as the Wigner functions. These quantities are observed both for short interaction time intervals and the over-transient regime, when dissipative effects are essential.
We investigate time-dependent properties of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) light beams generated in a nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) driven by a sequence of laser pulses with Gaussian time-dependent envelopes. This investigation continues our previous analysis [H. H. Adamyan and G. Yu. Kryuchkyan, Phys. Rev. A 74, 023810 (2006)] and involves problems of two-mode quadrature squeezing as well as intensity-difference squeezing in the time domain. The peculiarities of EPR beams are also discussed in the framework of phase-space quantum distributions. Two kinds of non-Gaussian Wigner functions, for the reduced one-mode state of periodically pulsed NOPO and for EPR beams which are combined on a one-half beam splitter are calculated numerically. We also investigate the Wigner functions of intensity-correlated twin beams following the conditional photon state-preparation scheme. It is demonstrated that the Wigner functions involve negative values in parts of the phase space for the schemes with one, two, and three photons.
Non-classical states of light are of fundamental importance for emerging quantum technologies. All optics experiments producing multi-qubit entangled states have until now relied on outcome post-selection, a procedure where only the measurement results corresponding to the desired state are considered. This method severely limits the usefulness of the resulting entangled states. fiere, we show the direct production of polarization- entangled photon triplets by cascading two entangled down-conversion processes[1]. First, a Sagnac source [2] produces non-degenerate entangled photon pairs at 776 nm and 842 nm in a Bell state. The 776 nm photon is sent through a polarizing Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a down-conversion crystal in each arm. If it is down-converted, a photon pair is created in modes 2 and 3 with a polarization state depending on the pump photon. The quantum stete describing the photon triplets is:
The ability to efficiently produce and manipulate nonclassical states of light is a critical requirement for the development of quantum optical technologies. In recent years, experiments have demonstrated that cascaded spontaneous parametric down-conversion is a promising approach to implement photon precertification, providing a way to overcome photon transmission losses for quantum communication, as well as to directly produce entangled three-photon states and heralded Bell pairs. However, the low efficiency of this process has so far limited its applicability beyond basic experiments. Here, we propose a scheme to amplify triplet production rates by using a fast switch and a delay loop to reuse photons that fail to convert on the first pass through the cascade's second nonlinear crystal. We construct a theoretical model to predict amplification rates and verify them in an experimental implementation. Our proof-of-concept device increases the rate of detected photon triplets as predicted, demonstrating that the method has the potential to dramatically improve the usefulness of cascaded down-conversion for device-independent quantum communication and entangled state generation.