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Photonics and Micro- and Nano-structured Materials

Optical storage in quantized media

Gagik P. Djotyan, N. Sandor, Jozsef S. Bakos, Zs. Sörlei

Published Jan 20, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The schemes of storing of images in quantum states of atoms being used nowadays are based on electromagnetically induced transparency. The images are stored in the collective atomic coherence with the storage time limited by different relaxation processes in the system with the transverse relaxation being the most detrimental among them. In this communication, we present a method of coherent writing of optical information (a transverse image) into the populations instead of the coherences of the metastable atomic states. The method is based on an action of a sequence of frequency chirped laser pulses on an atom with lambda-structure of working levels. Such storage results in drastic increase of the storage time. The reading out of the stored information is performed by measuring the population of one of the metastable atomic states.

DOI
10.1117/12.923473

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The schemes of storing of images in quantum states of atoms being used nowadays are based on electromagnetically induced transparency. The images are stored in the collective atomic coherence with the storage time limited by different relaxation processes in the system with the transverse relaxation being the most detrimental among them. In this communication, we present a method of coherent writing of optical information (a transverse image) into the populations instead of the coherences of the metastable atomic states. The method is based on an action of a sequence of frequency chirped laser pulses on an atom with lambda-structure of working levels. Such storage results in drastic increase of the storage time. The reading out of the stored information is performed by measuring the population of one of the metastable atomic states.
We propose a scheme for robust writing and storage of optical phase information in populations of metastable states of the atoms with a tripod structure of levels by using frequency-chirped laser pulses. The method provides much longer storage times compared with the schemes based on the collective atomic spin coherences. A negligible excitation of the atom provides immunity to decoherence induced by decay of the excited states. The method is robust against small-to-medium variations in the laser pulse intensity and speed of the chirp and, being insensitive to resonance conditions, it is effective both in homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened media.
We propose to use the sensitivity of the population transfer in three-level L-atoms to the relative phases and amplitudes of frequency-chirped short bichromatic laser pulses for coherent, fast and robust storage and processing of phase or intensity optical information. The information is being written into the excited state population which in a second step is transferred in a fast and robust way into a nondecaying storage level. It is shown that an arbitrary superposition of the ground states can be generated by controlling the relative phase between the laser pulses.
Coherent storage of optical image in a coherently-driven medium is a promising method with possible applications in many fields. In this work, we experimentally report a controllable spatial-frequency routing of image via atomic spin coherence in a solid-state medium driven by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Under the EIT-based light-storage regime, a transverse spatial image carried by the probe field is stored into atomic spin coherence. By manipulating the frequency and spatial propagation direction of the read control field, the stored image is transferred into a new spatial-frequency channel. When two read control fields are used to retrieve the stored information, the image information is converted into a superposition of two spatial-frequency modes. Through this technique, the image is manipulated coherently and all-optically in a controlled fashion.
Atomic coherence is the interaction process between light and atoms, that is one or more coherent fields couple the different atomic states and cause the quantum interference between the different transition channels. Atomic coherence has led to many interesting and unexpected consequences, such as the Hanle effects, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), coherence population trapping (CPT), stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), spontaneous emission control, resonant enhancement of optical nonlinearity, slow and superluminal light propagation, quantum light storage, etc. In which, light storage based on atomic coherence plays an important role in the coherent control of light pulse information. In this chapter, we present some previous works on atomic coherence and optical storage. Firstly, we present the storage and recovery of light pulse based on F-STIRAP, which is fundamentally different from the conventional EIT-based process. Secondly, we present the applications of light storage based on EIT in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal, which includes the erasure of stored optical information, all-optical routing by light storage, and the coherent control of double light pulses. At last, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a method to control the atomic coherence by a STIRAP or F-STIRAP process.
We investigate the behavior of a three-level atomic system with \ensuremath{\Lambda} structure of levels in the field of a sequence of short frequency-chirped bichromatic laser pulses (BLP's) in the adiabatic passage regime of interaction. We show that the efficiency of the population transfer in this atomic system is sensitive to the relative phase of the pulses forming the BLP when the atom is prepared in a coherent superposition of its two ground states initially. We propose to use this sensitivity for coherent fast and robust writing and reading of optical phase information. The initial preparation of the atom in the ``dark'' superposition state is suggested through the action of a sequence of a few frequency-chirped BLP's with duration longer than the atomic relaxation time.