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BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks

Atomic Coherence and Optical Storage

Hai-Hua Wang, Aijun Li, Jin-Yue Gao

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Atomic coherence is the interaction process between light and atoms, that is one or more coherent fields couple the different atomic states and cause the quantum interference between the different transition channels. Atomic coherence has led to many interesting and unexpected consequences, such as the Hanle effects, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), coherence population trapping (CPT), stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), spontaneous emission control, resonant enhancement of optical nonlinearity, slow and superluminal light propagation, quantum light storage, etc. In which, light storage based on atomic coherence plays an important role in the coherent control of light pulse information. In this chapter, we present some previous works on atomic coherence and optical storage. Firstly, we present the storage and recovery of light pulse based on F-STIRAP, which is fundamentally different from the conventional EIT-based process. Secondly, we present the applications of light storage based on EIT in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal, which includes the erasure of stored optical information, all-optical routing by light storage, and the coherent control of double light pulses. At last, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a method to control the atomic coherence by a STIRAP or F-STIRAP process.

DOI
10.2174/978160805085711001010128

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Coherent atomic states prepared by laser field can have quantum interference\nbetween the different transition amplitudes. Therefore, the medium susceptibility\nand optical response can be engineered, leading to many interesting phenomena, such\nas coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency\n(EIT), and lasing without inversion (LWI).\nWe studied the coherence effects in various prototype atomic systems, and found\nmany interesting applications. We solved the slow light bandwidth problem by decomposing\nthe pulse and matching each frequency to its EIT window using a magnetic\nfield gradient. We also considered the probe field deflection induced by the driving\nfield distribution in EIT, and showed that even a broadband pulse can be deflected\nwithout serious spreading. In the fast light area, we examined the effects of noise and\nparameter deviations in a bichromatic Raman type white light cavity. Taking advantage\nof the adjustable absorption of EIT, we showed that EIT in a laser cavity can\nhave either first-order or second-order phase transitions. Last but not least, we show\nthat the adiabatic population transfer can be used to reverse the weak measurement\nof an arbitrary field with finite photon number.

•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations
Atomic coherence is the interaction process between light and atoms, that is one or more coherent fields couple the different atomic states and cause the quantum interference between the different transition channels. Atomic coherence has led to many interesting and unexpected consequences, such as the Hanle effects, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), coherence population trapping (CPT), stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), spontaneous emission control, resonant enhancement of optical nonlinearity, slow and superluminal light propagation, quantum light storage, etc. In which, light storage based on atomic coherence plays an important role in the coherent control of light pulse information. In this chapter, we present some previous works on atomic coherence and optical storage. Firstly, we present the storage and recovery of light pulse based on F-STIRAP, which is fundamentally different from the conventional EIT-based process. Secondly, we present the applications of light storage based on EIT in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal, which includes the erasure of stored optical information, all-optical routing by light storage, and the coherent control of double light pulses. At last, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a method to control the atomic coherence by a STIRAP or F-STIRAP process.
We reviewed the recent progress in coherent manipulation on light fields based on the electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) effect in Pr3+-doped Y2SiO5 crystal. The results show that, on one hand, the atomic coherence grating, formed when the light pulse is stored in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal under the EIT condition has similar properties to the traditional holographic grating. On the other hand, the atomic coherence grating has its own unique characteristics that are different from those of traditional holographic grating. The EIT-induced nonlinearity and atomic coherence gratings can be used to manipulate the amplitude, the phase and the polarization state of light fields; therefore, they are of important applications for optical signal processing, quantum information processing and imaging processing.
Atomic coherence is the result of interaction between light and materials,which leads to many important physical phenomenon.Currently,most experimental researches on atomic coherence are reported in atomic gases.Compared with atomic gases,the related experimental researches in solid materials have more practical applications.This paper introduces the recent research progress of atomic coherence in solid-state materials in detail,including the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency(EIT) in solid materials,light velocity reduction and coherent storage,controllable eraser of optical storage information,all-optical route based on optical storage,optical velocity reduction and reversible storage of double light pulses and enhanced four-wave mixing based on atomic coherence,it also discusses its application to relative fields.
In this thesis we study light-matter coherence phenomena related to the interaction of a coherent laser field and the so-called Λ-system, a three-level quantum system (e.g., an atom). We observe electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), slow and stored light in hot rubidium vapor. For example, a 6 μs Gaussian pulse propagate at a velocity of ~1 km/s (to be compared with the normal velocity of 300 000 km/s). Dynamic changes of the control parameter allows us to slow down a pulse to a complete stop, store it for ~100 μs, and then release it. During the storage time, and also during the release process, some properties of the light pulse can be changed, e.g., frequency chirping of the pulse is obtained by means of Zeeman shifting the energy levels of the Λ-system. If, bichromatic continuous light fields are applied we observe overtone generation in the beating signal, and a narrow `dip' in overtone generation efficiency on two-photon resonance, narrower than the `coherent population trapping' transparency. The observed light-matter coherence phenomena are explained theoretically from first principles, using the Lindblad master equation, in conjunction with the Maxwell's equations. Furthermore, we analyze an optical delay-line based on EIT and show that there is in principle (besides decoherence) no fundamental limitation, but the usefulness today is scant. The combination of EIT and a photonic crystal cavity is inquired into, and we show that the quality value of a small resonator (area of 2.5λ×2.5λ with a missing central rod) can be enhanced by a factor of 500 due to the increased modal density close to two-photon resonance. Open system effects (decoherence effects) are thoroughly investigated using a coherence vector formalism, furthermore, a vector form of the Lindblad equation is derived. Specifically we find an open system channel that lead to slow light and gain.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.
Coherent atomic states prepared by laser field can have quantum interference\nbetween the different transition amplitudes. Therefore, the medium susceptibility\nand optical response can be engineered, leading to many interesting phenomena, such\nas coherent population trapping (CPT), electromagnetically induced transparency\n(EIT), and lasing without inversion (LWI).\nWe studied the coherence effects in various prototype atomic systems, and found\nmany interesting applications. We solved the slow light bandwidth problem by decomposing\nthe pulse and matching each frequency to its EIT window using a magnetic\nfield gradient. We also considered the probe field deflection induced by the driving\nfield distribution in EIT, and showed that even a broadband pulse can be deflected\nwithout serious spreading. In the fast light area, we examined the effects of noise and\nparameter deviations in a bichromatic Raman type white light cavity. Taking advantage\nof the adjustable absorption of EIT, we showed that EIT in a laser cavity can\nhave either first-order or second-order phase transitions. Last but not least, we show\nthat the adiabatic population transfer can be used to reverse the weak measurement\nof an arbitrary field with finite photon number.