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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Holographic recording in a system with annihilating centers: relaxation and suppression of transmission fluctuations of transient gratings

М. Г. Кучеренко

Published Jan 1, 1998• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The holographic record of gratings on excited triplet (T) annihilating centers in rigid mediums is proposed. The annihilation stage of the reaction T + T yields 0 is visualized by measuring of the diffraction picture dynamics. It has been found theoretically that the second range diffraction maximum is appear in consequence of the nonsinusoidal grating form. The analytical expressions for the intensity of first and second range diffraction maximum are obtained. The fluctuations of the transient grating transmission, (tau) A, in a porous medium are investigated. The drastic decrease in the disperse (delta) (tau) A is observed for the system with annihilating excited triplet centers. Two species of the reaction mechanism are studied: static and diffusion--accelerated annihilation. In the second case the reduction of (delta) (tau) A was greater. The squeezed fluctuations effect induced by additional laser pulse is discussed.

DOI
10.1117/12.301426

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The holographic record of gratings on excited triplet (T) annihilating centers in rigid mediums is proposed. The annihilation stage of the reaction T + T yields 0 is visualized by measuring of the diffraction picture dynamics. It has been found theoretically that the second range diffraction maximum is appear in consequence of the nonsinusoidal grating form. The analytical expressions for the intensity of first and second range diffraction maximum are obtained. The fluctuations of the transient grating transmission, (tau) A, in a porous medium are investigated. The drastic decrease in the disperse (delta) (tau) A is observed for the system with annihilating excited triplet centers. Two species of the reaction mechanism are studied: static and diffusion--accelerated annihilation. In the second case the reduction of (delta) (tau) A was greater. The squeezed fluctuations effect induced by additional laser pulse is discussed.
A study is made of the excitation of inhomogeneous holographic gratings by ultrashort light pulses with an arbitrary amplitude and phase modulation in a cubic nonlinear medium. The relaxation and diffusion of a pulse-induced grating is considered. The problem of diffraction of probe radiation by an inhomogeneous grating is solved using an electrodynamic theory of perturbations and also using the coupled wave approximation. It is shown that a cubic nonlinear medium may be used to store and then to retrieve uniquely a complete complex coherence function of a pulse. A simple method is proposed for the determination of the area under an exciting pulse, which makes it possible to introduce integral parameters of such a pulse (including a generalized amplitude and duration) that can serve as satisfactory estimates of the corresponding real quantities.
The excitation of nonuniform holographic gratings by ultrashort light pulses in nonlinear cubic media is considered. The relaxation and the diffusion of the pulse-induced grating are investigated. The diffraction problem of the induced grating is solved using both the perturbation theory and the coupled-wave approach. It is shown that the measurement of the angular or spectral distribution of the diffracted probe light makes it possible to determine the complex-valued coherence function completely for a single nonreproducible pulse. A simple method for the determination of the exciting pulse area is proposed; it allows us to deduce the integral amplitude and duration for the pulse, which can serve as a good approximation for their corresponding real values.
The potentialities of diffraction methods for wavefront transformations may be considerably widened due to the use of nonlinear recording of dynamic holograms enabling multiwave mixing in media with the fifth and higher order nonlinearities. There is a great variety of such media including the resonant ones for which the presence of higher order nonlinearities is conditioned by the absorption saturation effect and transitions between different excited states of the molecules. However, in the majority of previous studies of multiwave mixing the resonant medium approximation has been used disregarding the induced anisotropy effect. This work presents a theoretical model and experimental studies of the energy efficiency of multiwave mixing in complex molecular media exhibiting higher order nonlinearities, in two cases: when the nonlinear cavity is introduced in the Fabry-Perot interferometer (IFP), and without it. Owing to the use of different combinations of mutually aligning polarizations for interacting waves, one is enabled to determine the contribution into the interaction efficiency by various dynamic gratings and nonlinearity mechanisms. The role of polarization gratings resultant from spatial modulation of the light field polarization state at the orthogonal polarization of the hologram recording waves has been established. Comparisons between the contributions of the above gratings and “normal” gratings recorded by identically polarized light beams into the process of multiwave mixing have demonstrated that the relation of these contributions is dependent on the intensity of interacting waves, and also it has been found that polarization of the diffracted wave is dependent on the diffraction order.
We present a holographic system that can be used to manipulate the group velocity of light pulses. The proposed structure is based on the multiplexing of two sequential holographic volume gratings, one in transmission and the other in reflection geometry, where one of the recording beams must be the same for both structures. As in other systems such as grating induced transparency (GIT) or coupled-resonator-induced transparency (CRIT), by using the coupled wave theory it is shown that this holographic structure represents a classical analogue of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Analytical expressions were obtained for the transmittance induced at the forbidden band (spectral hole) and conditions where the group velocity was slowed down were analyzed. Moreover, the propagation of Gaussian pulses is analyzed for this system by obtaining, after further approximations, analytical expressions for the distortion of the transmitted field. As a result, we demonstrate the conditions where the transmitted pulse is slowed down and its shape is only slightly distorted. Finally, by comparing with the exact solutions obtained, the range of validity of all the analytical formulae was verified, demonstrating that the error is very low.
We investigate self-diffraction and multiwave scattering by a nonsinusoidal gain grating induced in a thick laser medium with pulses of duration much less than the population relaxation time. The energies of the transmitted and of the two first-order self-diffracted beams are calculated. Experimental measurements performed in a flash-lamp-pumped Nd:YAG amplifier at lambda = 1.064 microm show good agreement with the theoretical results. A total energy in the two first-order scattered waves of 1.1 mJ is obtained for a total incident energy of 14 mJ.