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Optics and Spectroscopy

Recording and decay of transient gratings in a system of saturable three-level centers

М. Г. Кучеренко, A. P. Rusinov

Published Dec 1, 2004• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The kinetics of formation and relaxation of transient holographic gratings recorded in a system of saturable three-level centers is studied. Distortions in the shape of the profile of recorded and decaying structures of population and of the refractive index are taken into account. The analysis of the time dependences of diffraction efficiencies of different orders is performed for phase (thermal) and amplitude (concentration) gratings.

DOI
10.1134/1.1843959

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The kinetics of formation and relaxation of transient holographic gratings recorded in a system of saturable three-level centers is studied. Distortions in the shape of the profile of recorded and decaying structures of population and of the refractive index are taken into account. The analysis of the time dependences of diffraction efficiencies of different orders is performed for phase (thermal) and amplitude (concentration) gratings.
In this paper, we consider the process of optical recording and decay of transient spatial structures in a system with a nonlinear response caused by incoherent saturation of three-level centers. The main attention is devoted to the thermal mechanism of phase recording in media with a temperature-independent heat conductivity. The relaxation of an inhomogeneous temperature field and the diffraction of a probe beam from the transient structure are studied. The designed theoretical model satisfactorily describes the obtained experimental results and allows the evolution of a temperature field to be viewed.
The holographic record of gratings on excited triplet (T) annihilating centers in rigid mediums is proposed. The annihilation stage of the reaction T + T yields 0 is visualized by measuring of the diffraction picture dynamics. It has been found theoretically that the second range diffraction maximum is appear in consequence of the nonsinusoidal grating form. The analytical expressions for the intensity of first and second range diffraction maximum are obtained. The fluctuations of the transient grating transmission, (tau) A, in a porous medium are investigated. The drastic decrease in the disperse (delta) (tau) A is observed for the system with annihilating excited triplet centers. Two species of the reaction mechanism are studied: static and diffusion--accelerated annihilation. In the second case the reduction of (delta) (tau) A was greater. The squeezed fluctuations effect induced by additional laser pulse is discussed.
We report degenerate four-wave mixing experiments at room temperature, using a three-beam geometry and sub-picosecond laser to study GaAs/GaAlAs multiple quantum well material. Diffraction efficiencies and grating decay times for two samples of different carrier lifetimes have been measured in the spectral region corresponding to excitonic resonances. The measurements provide values of the nonlinear refractive index per carrier pair (n eh) deriving from the excitonic saturation, and also the recombination times and diffusion coefficients for the samples.
It is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that, in four-wave phase conjugation of a spatially incoherent speckle signal, the reflection coefficient and the phase conjugation fidelity fall on increase in the rate of change of the spatial structure of the speckle beam. The law of decay of both these parameters is the same for media with an exponential grating erasure rate, but in the case of double-exponential relaxation the conjugated fraction of the signal decreases much more slowly than the reflection coefficient. Experimental results show that the standard model of deep trapping levels can describe the kinetics of formation of dynamic gratings in a nominally pure crystal of strontium barium niobate, but the presence of shallow trapping levels has to be taken into account for doped crystals.