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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Conversion of the frequency of He–Ne laser radiation fromλ=1.15μto 377.6 nm in thallium vapor

Vasily G. Arkhipkin, V. A. Kiyashko, A. K. Popov, V. P. Timofeev

Published Jan 31, 1980• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Infrared helium-neon laser radiation ( λ = 1.15 μ ) was transformed to the ultraviolet range ( λ = 377.6 nm) in thallium vapor by parametric mixing with radiation from a rhodamine 6 G dye laser ( λ = 568.6 nm). Use was made of a two-photon resonance of the pump (dye laser) radiation with the 6P 1/2 –7P 3/2 forbidden transition and of the proximity of the frequency of the radiation being temsformed to the frequency of the 7P 3/2 –7S 1/2 transition.

DOI
10.1070/qe1980v010n01abeh009866

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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Sep 30, 1982•1 citation
Infrared helium-neon laser radiation ( λ = 1.15 μ ) was transformed to the ultraviolet range ( λ = 377.6 nm) in thallium vapor by parametric mixing with radiation from a rhodamine 6 G dye laser ( λ = 568.6 nm). Use was made of a two-photon resonance of the pump (dye laser) radiation with the 6P 1/2 –7P 3/2 forbidden transition and of the proximity of the frequency of the radiation being temsformed to the frequency of the 7P 3/2 –7S 1/2 transition.
Frequency conversion of cw CO 2 laser radiation to the 276.8 nm ultraviolet range was achieved in a mixture of thallium and cesium vapor by parametric mixing with radiation from a rhodamine 6G dye laser. Two-photon resonance of the pump radiation with the 6 P 1/2 –7 P 3/2 forbidden transition and the proximity of the converted radiation frequency to the frequency of the 6 D 3/2 –7 P 3/2 transition in the thallium atom were utilized. Cesium vapor was used to match the refractive indices of the interacting waves.
A study was made of the dependences of the efficiency of resonant parametric frequency conversion in sodium vapor on the infrared radiation wavelength, vapor density, and detuning from two-photon pump resonance. It was found in this conversion system that for each infrared wave the conversion efficiency had three maxima on tuning the frequency of two-photon pumping over the region of a forbidden transition. The principal maximum was realized for accurate two-photon resonance, and the two other maxima resulted from a rise in the cubic susceptibility close to single-photon sum-frequency resonances. A quantum efficiency of 35% was achieved for a 9.26 μ infrared wave.
Emission at wavelengths of 1.0615 and 1.074 μ from a self-mode-locked YAG:Nd3+ laser was observed at thresholds which were only 1.5 and 3.5 times higher than the threshold for the emission of radiation with λ = 1.064 μ. Efficient conversion (characterized by a quantum efficiency of ~ 15%) of the third harmonics of the radiations with λ = 1.064 and 1.0615 μ to the visible (590 nm) and ultraviolet (250 nm) ranges was achieved in atomic barium vapor. Electron stimulated Raman scattering due to a strongly forbidden transition in a system of Ba atoms was observed for the first time.
Stimulated emission of the 535 nm line of thallium was observed when a Tl-He mixture was pumped optically in the violet wing of a pressure-broadened resonance line of thallium at 377.6 nm by a recombination He–Ca laser emitting at λ = 373.7 nm. Pumping resulted from the absorption transitions between repulsive terms of the Tl-He quasimolecule. The average stimulated radiation power reached 5 mW when the pulse repetition frequency was 6 kHz. The efficiency of conversion of the useful part of the pump pulse was 45%.
The results are reported of investigations into the spectral and energy characteristics of a thallium photodissociation laser, emitting due to the 7S/sub 1/2/--6P/sub 3/2/ (lambda = 535 nm) and 7S/sub 1/2/--6P/sub 1/2/ (lambda = 337.6 nm) transitions. The experiments were performed using two types of resonator, and this made it possible to increase the radiation power density above the superradiance level and to operate in two-wavelength lasing regimes. On reaching a certain power density the structure of the laser emission spectrum changed, the nature of this change being different for the different lines. A discussion of the results obtained is given.