For vehicular networks, the security and privacy face two major challenges. One is the open wireless medium and the other is the high-speed mobility of the vehicles. For the open wireless medium, eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks may exist in the communication path. This is called an unsafe routing path. Based on quantum nature, quantum channel supported unconditionally secure communication. Classically, digital signature can support conditionally secure communication. So quantum channel is more secure than classical channel. For high-speed mobility of the vehicles, sender and receiver need location-release signature. This paper designs the technique of quantum entangled particle to perform quantum teleportation for solving quantum location-release signature. By using quantum nature, the proposed scheme can overcome two major challenges in the vehicular networks. This scheme uses multiple entangled particles to reconstruct the original quantum state among sharing party. Based on this function, a secret sharing message can be verified to provide the message recovery. Considering the security of the proposed scheme, impossibility of forgery and impossibility of disavowal can be achieved.
For vehicular networks, the security and privacy face two major challenges. One is the open wireless medium and the other is the high-speed mobility of the vehicles. For the open wireless medium, eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks may exist in the communication path. This is called an unsafe routing path. Based on quantum nature, quantum channel supported unconditionally secure communication. Classically, digital signature can support conditionally secure communication. So quantum channel is more secure than classical channel. For high-speed mobility of the vehicles, sender and receiver need location-release signature. This paper designs the technique of quantum entangled particle to perform quantum teleportation for solving quantum location-release signature. By using quantum nature, the proposed scheme can overcome two major challenges in the vehicular networks. This scheme uses multiple entangled particles to reconstruct the original quantum state among sharing party. Based on this function, a secret sharing message can be verified to provide the message recovery. Considering the security of the proposed scheme, impossibility of forgery and impossibility of disavowal can be achieved.
On Internet, the sender and receiver can not own the secure communication channel. Eavesdropping can attack the insecure channel to break the process of the signature scheme. Under an unsafe routing path, several attacks from Eve will be happened. In quantum cryptography, these physics properties such as no-cloning theorem, uncertainty principle and quantum teleportation can provide unconditionally secure communication in the quantum channel. The security of quantum signature schemes is unconditional security. In this paper, a concept, quantum secret sharing which can be used to reconstruct a special relation among sharing party, is proposed. Based on the property of quantum secret sharing, the proposed mechanism uses multiple pairs of four-particle Greenberger-Horne-Zielinger (GHZ) state to reconstruct a special relation among sharing party. By using this relation, we can support the security of quantum signature under an unsafe routing path to provide the message recovery. From the view of a reusing key, the proposed mechanism is key efficiency.
Many cryptographic techniques have been proposed to conceive a secure and privacy-oriented vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) for its practical deployment. The security of these techniques requires a common secret key to be shared between the communicating entities or depend upon the premise that some mathematical problems are computationally hard. However, because of the open nature of the wireless medium, the communication cannot be kept confidential and is prone to eavesdropping. Furthermore, with the arrival of quantum computers, these techniques are prone to quantum attacks—the time complexity of the assumed hard problem gets reduced from millions of years to a few seconds. In this paper, we propose a conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme based on a quantum key distribution protocol for vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Our scheme inherits the properties of the quantum key distribution protocol. It does not require a secret authentication key to be transmitted conventionally and is resistant to quantum attacks. Apart from protecting VANETs against generic security threats, including node impersonation, message tampering, and repudiation, our scheme defends VANETs against man-in-the-middle attacks, replay attacks, etc. Besides, our protocol ensures message unlinkability, vehicle-identity privacy, and vehicle traceability if a vehicle misbehaves. The results obtained from the performance evaluation of our scheme confirm reasonable values of information leakage, key length, bit error probability, etc.
In foggy highways, the secure vehicular communication system can be very important in preventing traffic chaos, congestion, and accident; however, potential attackers may hack this system that can create many problems in controlling or managing the traffic. In this paper, we propose a quantum cryptographic protocol for secure vehicular communication for foggy highways, which is unconditionally secure against outside and participant attacks. The outside attacks include intercept, intercept-resend, entangle-measure, man-in-the-middle, collective, Trojan horse, and coherent attacks; whereas, the participant attacks include the collusion, forgery, and collision attacks. In this protocol, the traffic control system broadcasts the information regularly so that the vehicles can take appropriate action and avoid traffic chaos, congestion, and accidents. This protocol can be used on busy and foggy highways such as the interstate-75 highway in the United States, M4 motorway in England, Tohoku Expressway in Japan, and Yamuna Expressway in India to prevent vehicle collisions. Quantum cryptographic protocol for secure vehicular communication is important because they provide a highly secure method of communication that is immune to eavesdropping and interception. The motivation for developing the quantum cryptographic protocol for secure vehicular communication comes from the growing need for secure communication in the digital age.
In this paper, we use the technique of entanglement swapping to exchange quantum message among sharing parties. For Bell measurements, quantum teleportation can provide long-distance quantum transmission when sharing parties are disconnected. The proposed mutual authentication protocol has the capability to securely identify each other under an unsafe routing path. Eavesdropping and malicious nodes may exist in the routing path. For quantum authentication protocol, it is called location-release problem. The proposed approach can solve this problem. Furthermore, source can transfer quantum message to destination in a secure way.
Quantum teleportation and entanglement-based quantum blind signature protocol were promising new technologies for secure communication between security service bases. They were secure against a variety of attacks, including eavesdropping, signatory disavowal, verifier denial, and forgery. The protocol worked by using quantum entanglement to create a shared secret state between the security service bases. This shared secret state was then used to generate a quantum signature for each message sent between the bases. The signature was then verified by the receiving base using the shared secret state. Compared to classical blind signature schemes, the main advantages of the quantum entanglement-based quantum blind signature protocol were its information-theoretic security and reduced complexity and noise. However, this protocol also faced some challenges, such as preparing and storing entangled states, performing quantum operations and measurements, and ensuring the trustworthiness of the third party. Despite these challenges, the quantum entanglement-based quantum blind signature protocol was a promising new technology for secure communication between security service like military bases. It had the potential to revolutionize the way that military bases communicated with each other, making it possible to send secure messages without revealing the content or identity of the messages.