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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Review Of Integrated Bistable Optical Devices Construction

Tadeusz Maciak, Jerzy Kruszewski

Published Mar 10, 1987• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Bistable optical devices have been suggested for a number of applications (switching, optical memory, binary logic, discrimination, amplifications, clipping, limiting and pulse shaping) in optical signal processing and communication system. Recently, several integrated optical bistable devices have been made available. Most of them have performed by using LiNb03 as electrooptical waveguide modulator. A review of integrated bistable devices based on waveguide optical modulators is presented under this paper.

DOI
10.1117/12.937169

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Bistable optical devices have been suggested for a number of applications (switching, optical memory, binary logic, discrimination, amplifications, clipping, limiting and pulse shaping) in optical signal processing and communication system. Recently, several integrated optical bistable devices have been made available. Most of them have performed by using LiNb03 as electrooptical waveguide modulator. A review of integrated bistable devices based on waveguide optical modulators is presented under this paper.
It has recently become clear that OB in semiconductor laser amplifiers has many potential advantages for applications in optical logic and signal processing. Foremost among these advantages may be listed (i) ready availability (compared with other bistable devices [1]), (ii) wavelength compatibility with optical communications systems, (iii) inherent optical gain (for serial processing), and (iv) a combination of microwatt switching powers and nanosecond switching times leading to femtoule optical switching energies [2,3]. In support of item (ii) on this list, it is worth noting that amplifier OB has been reported at 0.8 μm [4], 1.3 μm [5], and 1.5 μm [6], all of which are wavelengths employed for optical communications systems.
Bistable optical systems are of considerable interest to produce high-speed optical signal-processing devices. Among them, those that use a nonlinear optical medium are attractive because they allow the lowest possible switching time. By the use of a suitable electromagnetic resonance, the bistability threshold can be lowered to a reasonnable value, for the incident power. Keeping in mind that a bistable optical system should be well adapted to optical integration in a planar geometry, one is naturally confronted to a corrugated waveguide filled with a nonlinear (Kerr) medium.
Optical signal processing using all-optical circuitry is an increasingly attractive goal with the recent progress in long- lived light sources, high quantum efficiency detectors, and low- loss high-bandwidth optical fibers. Devices which permit one light beam to control another or which provide an optical memory afford a capability essential to the success of all-optical logic systems. Much progress has been made toward practical bistable1 devices since the first observation2 of optical bistability in sodium vapor. (By optical bistability we refer to devices containing no inverted medium, so that bistable lasers3 are explicitly excluded.) The most practical device so far, a semiconductor etalon consisting of 4 μm of GaAs between 0.2 μm of Al0.42Ga0.53As with R = 0.9 coatings, is described herein.