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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

High-intensity superradiance in a two-dimensional system of active centers

Aleksey N. Azarenkov, G. B. Altshuler, V E Lebed'ko

Published Feb 28, 1990• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

A condition is obtained for a preferred direction of propagation of high-intensity superradiance in a two-dimensional system of active centers. It is shown that the contrast of the highly directional superradiance reaches saturation for a finite ratio of the length of the active medium to its width. This ratio may be slightly greater than unity.

DOI
10.1070/qe1990v020n02abeh005570

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A condition is obtained for a preferred direction of propagation of high-intensity superradiance in a two-dimensional system of active centers. It is shown that the contrast of the highly directional superradiance reaches saturation for a finite ratio of the length of the active medium to its width. This ratio may be slightly greater than unity.
The superradiance (SR) phenomenon is considered for the case of a medium consisting of two resonant components. It is shown that the dynamics of emission in this case differs essentially from that for a monocomponent medium. The use of a two-component medium results in a substantial weakness in the requirements for duration of the pumping pulse. The peak pulse intensity of superradiance for the case of a two-component medium can exceed that for each of the components separately. By varying the active medium length and concentration of components we can control the spatiotemporal dynamics of emission. This enables us to transform the broadened pumping pulse of a lower intensity into the ultrashort high intensity pulse of SR.
The possibility is shown of using two-dimensional Bragg structures for generating short super-radiance (SR) pulses of high intensity. The structures provide spatial synchronisation of the radiation in two orthogonal directions in the active medium with large Fresnel parameters. In contrast to the SR effects without Bragg structure, an efficient generation of SR arises in an active medium with the dimensions not exceeding the inverse increment with the intensity by several orders of magnitude greater than the SR intensity of the same medium in a free space.
A method is proposed for substantially reducing the length of superradiance pulses and increasing their intensity. The idea is to introduce an additional coherent resonant component, with a higher Rabi frequency, in a superradiance medium. The superradiance intensity of a two-component medium of this sort can be substantially higher than that of either component individually. The pump pulse can be several orders of magnitude longer than the generation pulse. The parameters of the generation pulse are controlled by varying the length and composition of the active medium.
An orderly account is given of the processes of coherent propagation, amplification, and generation of pulses in polyatomic resonant media. The characteristic features of the propagation of solitons in resonant media of finite length are considered. Comparisons are made of the exponential and lethargic amplification of pulses in resonant media. It is shown that an allowance for the reflection of the field from the boundaries of an active medium gives rise to a qualitatively different dependence of the parameters of the pulses on the reflection coefficients under superradiance and lasing conditions, which makes it possible to introduce a criterion to distinguish lasing from superradiance. An analysis is made of the characteristics of collective superradiance, which is a new case of coherent generation of pulses. Experimental and theoretical investigations of rf superradiance emitted by systems of nuclear spins are reviewed.
This paper augments previous theoretical descriptions of superradiance in an extended optically thick medium by giving expressions which limit the length and density of a high-gain system which can superradiate as a whole, or equivalently, the shortness of its output radiation pulses. Limits arising from experimental conditions such as finite inversion time, finite decay and dephasing times, finite transit time (cooperation length), feedback, diffraction, and Fresnel number not approximately one, are discussed. Modifications to the simple analytical expressions for the output radiation of the superradiant system due to each of these effects are described in detail. Detailed computer results are also given.