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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Stable High-Dimensional Spatial Optical Solitons and Vortices in an Active Raman Gain Medium

Hui‐jun Li, Yu-hua Duan, Wen Wen, Guoxiang Huang

Published Apr 9, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme to produce stable high-dimensional spatial optical solitons and vortices in an M-type five-level active Raman gain medium at room temperature. We derive a (2+1)-dimensional [(2+1)D] nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation with a 2D trapping potential, which is contributed by an assisted field. We show that by adjusting the system parameter, the signs of the Kerr nonlinearity and the external potential can be manipulated at will. We then present three types of NLS equation, provide their soliton solutions, and analyze their stabilities. We finally discuss the differences in the soliton solutions between (2+1)D and (3+1)D systems with the same 2D trapping potential.

DOI
10.7566/jpsj.84.054402

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We make a detailed study on the dynamics of gain-assisted superluminal optical solitons in a three-state active-Raman-gain medium at room temperature. Using a method of multiple-scales we derive a high-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation with correction terms contributed from differential gain, nonlinear dispersion, delay in nonlinear refractive index, and third-order dispersion of the system. We show that for a long pulse with realistic physical parameters the high-order correction terms are small and can be taken as perturbations. However, for a shorter pulse these higher-order correction terms are significant and hence must be treated on equal footing as the terms in the nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. We provide exact soliton solutions of the higher-order nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation and demonstrate that such solitons have still superluminal propagating velocity and can be generated at very low light intensity.
We propose a scheme to generate superluminal optical solitons in a four-level atomic system with two control fields via an active Raman gain. We derive a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation with high-order corrections contributed from linear and differential absorption, nonlinear dispersion, and delay response of nonlinear refractive index of the system. We predict various optical solitons in different regimes of system parameters, and show that these optical solitons have superluminal propagating velocity and very low generation power.
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We investigate generation of superluminal vector optical solitons in a five-level M-type atomic system within active-Raman-gain regime. By analyzing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the system, we demonstrate that the dispersion effects of the probe fields can be well balanced by self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and various types of optical vector solitons with superluminal group velocity can be formed in the system. Moreover, by choosing proper parameters Manakov temporal vector solitons can also be realized in this atomic system.