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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Superluminal optical vector solitons in a five-level M-type atomic system

Bin Li, Yihong Qi, Yueping Niu, Shangqing Gong

Published Feb 20, 2015• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate generation of superluminal vector optical solitons in a five-level M-type atomic system within active-Raman-gain regime. By analyzing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the system, we demonstrate that the dispersion effects of the probe fields can be well balanced by self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and various types of optical vector solitons with superluminal group velocity can be formed in the system. Moreover, by choosing proper parameters Manakov temporal vector solitons can also be realized in this atomic system.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/48/6/065501

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We investigate generation of superluminal vector optical solitons in a five-level M-type atomic system within active-Raman-gain regime. By analyzing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the system, we demonstrate that the dispersion effects of the probe fields can be well balanced by self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and various types of optical vector solitons with superluminal group velocity can be formed in the system. Moreover, by choosing proper parameters Manakov temporal vector solitons can also be realized in this atomic system.
We investigate generation of three-wave coupled superluminal vector optical solitons in an active-Raman-gain (ARG) seven-level atomic system. By solving the probability amplitude equations, the linear, nonlinear and dispersion of the optical properties are analyzed for the three probe fields, which show that the dispersion effects of the probe fields can be well balanced by self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearities and the gain can be well suppressed under certain conditions. Therefore, three-wave coupled optical vector solitons with superluminal propagating group velocity can be formed in the system. Moreover, this atomic system allows the existence of various types of three-wave superluminal vector solitons by adjusting the system parameters. We also give real parameters of 87Rb atoms for generating three-wave superluminal vector solitons, which may provide reference for experiments.
We study the generation of weak-light spatial vector solitons in a cold tripod-type atomic system. The condition of generating spatial vector solitons is discussed by analyzing the linear and nonlinear properties of the system. Due to the balance between the enhanced self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and the diffraction effect, two orthogonal polarization components of the weak-light probe field can form various spatial vector solitons in the atomic system, such as bright-bright vector solitons and dark-dark vector solitons. We also demonstrate the possibility of generating Manakov spatial vector solitons in this atomic system.
A new scheme of five-level hyper V-type atomic system is proposed with the aim of generating slow temporal vector optical solitons. Two transitions in the five-level atomic medium independently interact with the two orthogonally polarized components of a low intensity linear-polarized pulsed probe field, while two other transitions are driven by control laser fields. We demonstrate that various distortion-free slow temporal vector optical solitons, such as bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright and dark-dark vector solitons, can be evolved from the probe field. Besides, we also show that the modified Hubbard model that includes the Manakov system may be realized by adjusting the corresponding self- (cross-) phase modulation and dispersion effects of this system.
We show the possibility of generating ultraslow temporal vector optical solitons in a cold lifetime-broadened four-level tripod atomic medium under Raman excitation. We demonstrate that the two orthogonally polarized components of the low-intensity signal field can evolve into various distortion-free temporal vector optical solitons, such as bright-bright vector solitons with ultraslow group velocity. These results are produced from the balance of self- and cross-phase modulation effects and dispersion. We also show that Manakov temporal vector solitons may be realized by adjusting the corresponding self- and cross-phase modulation and dispersion effects of our system.
We propose a scheme to generate superluminal optical solitons in a four-level atomic system with two control fields via an active Raman gain. We derive a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation with high-order corrections contributed from linear and differential absorption, nonlinear dispersion, and delay response of nonlinear refractive index of the system. We predict various optical solitons in different regimes of system parameters, and show that these optical solitons have superluminal propagating velocity and very low generation power.
We consider an active-Raman-gain scheme for realizing giant Kerr nonlinearity and superluminal optical solitons in a four-state atomic system with a gain doublet. We show that this scheme, which is fundamentally different from those based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), is capable of working at room temperature and eliminating nearly all attenuation and distortion.We demonstrate that, due to the appearance of a gain spectrum hole induced by the quantum interference effect induced by a signal field, a significant enhancement of Kerr nonlinearity of probe field can be realized effectively, which can be more than ten times larger than that arrived by the EIT-based scheme with the same energy-level configuration. Based on these important features, we obtain a giant cross-phase modulation effect and hence a stable long-distance propagation of optical solitons, which have superluminal propagating velocity and very low generating power.