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Optics Express

Slow vector optical solitons in a cold five-level hyper V-type atomic system

Liu-Gang Si, Wen‐Xing Yang, Ji-Bing Liu, Jin Li, Xiaoxue Yang

Published Apr 27, 2009• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new scheme of five-level hyper V-type atomic system is proposed with the aim of generating slow temporal vector optical solitons. Two transitions in the five-level atomic medium independently interact with the two orthogonally polarized components of a low intensity linear-polarized pulsed probe field, while two other transitions are driven by control laser fields. We demonstrate that various distortion-free slow temporal vector optical solitons, such as bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright and dark-dark vector solitons, can be evolved from the probe field. Besides, we also show that the modified Hubbard model that includes the Manakov system may be realized by adjusting the corresponding self- (cross-) phase modulation and dispersion effects of this system.

DOI
10.1364/oe.17.007771

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A new scheme of five-level hyper V-type atomic system is proposed with the aim of generating slow temporal vector optical solitons. Two transitions in the five-level atomic medium independently interact with the two orthogonally polarized components of a low intensity linear-polarized pulsed probe field, while two other transitions are driven by control laser fields. We demonstrate that various distortion-free slow temporal vector optical solitons, such as bright-bright, bright-dark, dark-bright and dark-dark vector solitons, can be evolved from the probe field. Besides, we also show that the modified Hubbard model that includes the Manakov system may be realized by adjusting the corresponding self- (cross-) phase modulation and dispersion effects of this system.
Abstract A theoretical scheme is proposed to investigate the formation of three coupled slow temporal vector optical solitons in a lifetime-broadened seven-state atomic medium. We demonstrate that the three polarized components of a low intensity linear-polarized pulsed probe field can evolve into three coupled slow temporal vector optical solitons due to the fact that group-velocity dispersion can be well compensated by the self- and cross-phase-modulation effects. Moreover, this atomic system could support the existence of various types of three coupled slow temporal vector solitons, such as bright–bright–bright, bright–dark–bright, dark–dark–dark, and bright–dark–dark vector solitons.
We show the possibility of generating ultraslow temporal vector optical solitons in a cold lifetime-broadened four-level tripod atomic medium under Raman excitation. We demonstrate that the two orthogonally polarized components of the low-intensity signal field can evolve into various distortion-free temporal vector optical solitons, such as bright-bright vector solitons with ultraslow group velocity. These results are produced from the balance of self- and cross-phase modulation effects and dispersion. We also show that Manakov temporal vector solitons may be realized by adjusting the corresponding self- and cross-phase modulation and dispersion effects of our system.
We theoretically investigate the formation of ultraslow temporal vector optical solitons in a lifetime-broadened five-state atomic system under Raman excitation. By analysing the interaction between the atomic system and two strong, linear-polarized continuous wave control fields and a weak, linear-polarized pulsed signal field, having two orthogonally polarized components, we find that the Maxwell equations of describing the propagation of two orthogonal polarization components can evolve into two coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations, which admit solutions describing vector solitons, including bright–bright, bright–dark, dark–bright and dark–dark vector solitons with ultraslow group velocity. More importantly, the Manakov temporal vector solitons can be easily realized in our system by adjusting the corresponding parameters such as the Rabi frequencies of the control fields, one- and two-photon detunings. The unique features of the two coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations are also discussed.
We investigate generation of superluminal vector optical solitons in a five-level M-type atomic system within active-Raman-gain regime. By analyzing the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the system, we demonstrate that the dispersion effects of the probe fields can be well balanced by self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and various types of optical vector solitons with superluminal group velocity can be formed in the system. Moreover, by choosing proper parameters Manakov temporal vector solitons can also be realized in this atomic system.
We study the generation of weak-light spatial vector solitons in a cold tripod-type atomic system. The condition of generating spatial vector solitons is discussed by analyzing the linear and nonlinear properties of the system. Due to the balance between the enhanced self-phase and cross-phase modulation of the Kerr nonlinearity and the diffraction effect, two orthogonal polarization components of the weak-light probe field can form various spatial vector solitons in the atomic system, such as bright-bright vector solitons and dark-dark vector solitons. We also demonstrate the possibility of generating Manakov spatial vector solitons in this atomic system.
In this article, a theoretical scheme is proposed to investigate the formation and propagation of three-wave coupled vector optical solitons with ultraslow group velocities in a lifetime-broadened seven-state triple-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ atomic system under Raman excitation. We show that in the presence of a weak applied magnetic field that removes the degeneracy of the corresponding sublevels of the atomic medium, three continuous-wave control fields with circularly left or right polarized fields induce a quantum interference effect which can largely suppress the absorption of the three low-intensity pulsed fields, that is, the circularly ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ (right), the linearly $\ensuremath{\pi}$, and the circularly ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}^{+}$ (left) polarized fields converted from one weak linear-polarized probe field. By means of the standard method of multiple scales, we solve the equations of motion of atomic response and probe-control electromagnetic fields and derive three-coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations that govern the nonlinear evolution of the envelopes of the probe fields in this scheme. We then demonstrate that because of the nonlinear coupling to one another, the three probe fields can evolve into three-wave temporal, group velocity, and amplitude-matched optical solitons under appropriate conditions, which are produced from the delicate balance of the dispersion effects and the self- and cross-phase modulation effects. This scheme may thus pave the way to generate ultraslow vector optical solitons composed of three field components in a highly resonant atomic medium and result in a substantial impact on this field of nonlinear optics.