Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Cascade Hanle effect in the 53D3-53P2transition in cadmium

K. K. Boyarskii, Eugeny N. Kotlikov

Published Jan 31, 1975• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A signal due to the crossing of levels in zero magnetic field was observed in the λ=361 nm (53D3–53P2 transition) spontaneous radiation from the lower laser level of a Cd I pulse laser. The level-crossing signal had a profile close to the difference between two Lorentzian profiles, one of which was due to the decay of the upper laser level and the other to the decay of the lower laser level. The lifetimes of these levels and the cross sections of the depolarizing collisions with neon were determined.

DOI
10.1070/qe1975v005n01abeh010654

Related papers

Lifetimes and Cross-Sections of Laser Levels of Xenon Measured by Hanle Effect

Takanori Suzuki, Kōichi Shimoda

Hanle effect studies using circularly polarized laser beam and linearly polarized laser beam were carried out. Lifetimes, orientation and alignment destruction cross sections were measured for the 5 d 33 , 6 p 22 and 6 p 01 excited levels of xenon. The observed ratio of orientational cross section to alignment cross section for Xe–Xe scattering was 1.1±0.4 for the 5 d 33 level, and 0.55±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. The ratio for Xe–He scattering was 0.8±0.2 for the 5 d 33 level and 0.6±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. They are compared with those calculated by Wang and Tomlinson. The observed radiative lifetime was 520±30 ns for the 5 d 33 level, 35±2 ns for the 6 p 22 level and 37±4 ns for the 6 p 01 level. The decay rate of the 5 d 33 level observed in the coherence transfer with spontaneous emission is consistent with the width of the Mania signal.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan•Jul 15, 1977•11 citations

Lifetime of the 1s2(P11) and 1s4(P13) levels of neon by the cascade Hanle effect

Natarajan D. Bhaskar, Allen Lurio

The theory of the cascade level-crossing effect as formulated by Happer is evaluated for zero-nuclear-spin atomic systems and extended to include the case of a polarized initial state. We have used this theory to interpret our cascade-Hanle-effect results (zero-field level crossings) to obtain the lifetime of the two resonance levels, $1{s}_{2}(^{1}P_{1})$ and $1{s}_{4}(^{3}P_{1})$, of the $2{p}^{5}3s$ configuration of neon. The resonance lines 744 \AA{} ($1{s}_{4}\ensuremath{-}^{1}S_{0}$) and 736 \AA{} ($1{s}_{2}\ensuremath{-}^{1}S_{0}$) are produced in the cascade to the ground $^{1}S_{0}$ state when a beam of metastable $1{s}_{3}(^{3}P_{0})$ and $1{s}_{5}(^{3}P_{2})$ neon atoms is excited by selected lines of the $2{p}^{5}3s\ensuremath{-}2{p}^{5}3p$ transition array. Our results are $\ensuremath{\tau}(1{s}_{2})=1.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16$ nsec and $\ensuremath{\tau}(1{s}_{4})=20.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5$ nsec.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1976•33 citations

Energy pooling collisions in pure cadmium vapors

S. Barsotti, F. Fuso, A. F. Molisch +1 more

We have investigated energy pooling processes in pure Cadmium vapors excited by a pulsed laser beam resonant with the Cd(51S0)→Cd(53P1) intercombination transition. Starting from the measured fluorescence intensities, we have determined the cross sections for the processes populating the 53Dj levels using a rate equation system and accounting for the radiation trapping phenomenon.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 1997•0 citations

The Hanle effect and level crossing spectroscopy in Rb vapour under strong laser excitation

Jānis Alnis, Kaspars Blushs, Marcis P. Auzinsh +3 more

We measure and simulate numerically the Hanle effect and non-zero field level crossing signals in 85 Rb and 87 Rb atoms in a magnetic field at room temperature. Diode laser radiation from 4 mW cm −2 to 3.3 W cm −2 tuned to the D 2 absorption line of each isotope excites atoms into all the excited-state hyperfine levels simultaneously inside the unresolved Doppler profile. Polarization fluorescence detection is used to observe dark and bright resonances, as well as non-zero field level crossing resonances, for several excitation lines. A broad spectral line excitation model is applied to analyse the measured signals. The non-linear Zeeman effect is included in the model for both ground and excited states. Although the applied magnetic field does not exceed 80 G, several hyperfine levels of the excited state show a substantial deviation from the linear Zeeman effect.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Feb 25, 2003•26 citations

Cross-section measurement for the energy pooling collisions: Cd(5p3P1)+Cd(5p3P1)→Cd(5d3DJ)+Cd(5s1S0)

Simone Barsotti, F. Fuso, Andreas F. Molisch +1 more

Energy pooling collisions of two cadmium atoms in the state $5s5p{}^{3}{P}_{1}$ have been investigated under pulsed laser excitation and cross sections have been measured for the production of atoms in the $5s5d{}^{3}{D}_{J}$ states. We have obtained the values $(1.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, $(1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, and $(0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ cm${}^{2}$ for $J=1,2,3$, respectively. The effects of the radiation trapping phenomenon, important both in the cross-section determination and in the evaluation of the Cd atom density in the sealed cell used in the experiment, have been taken into account through numerical solutions of the radiation diffusion equation in the specific conditions of our experiment.

Physical Review A•Mar 1, 1998•8 citations

Zero-field level crossing of the 633 nm Ne line in resonance absorption

Birger Stahlberg, Markus Lindberg, Peter Jungner

The authors have investigated the zero-field level crossing lineshape in resonance absorption. A single-mode HeNe laser beam at 633 nm is applied to an external neon-gas absorption cell in a longitudinal magnetic field. They compare the measured lineshapes with theoretical predictions. Two superposed nonlinear Lorentzian-shaped resonances, known as the population effect of the 2p 4 -3s 2 transition and the Zeeman coherence effect of the lower 2p 4 level, appear on the background caused by the inhomogeneous broadening. Taking into account the background and the power broadening the authors obtain the linewidths at zero pressure gamma (2p 4 ,3s 2 )=(7.7+or-2.1) MHz and gamma (2p 4 )=(8.4+or-1.2) MHz. For the neon pressure broadening the authors get for pressures below 200 Pa (1.5 Torr) d gamma (2p 4 ,3s 2 )/dp=0.20+or-0.02 MHz Pa -1 and d(2p 4 )/dp=0.040+or-0.007 MHz Pa -1 . Their values are in acceptable agreement with the values obtained with other spectroscopic methods.

Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics•Feb 28, 1985•18 citations
A signal due to the crossing of levels in zero magnetic field was observed in the λ=361 nm (53D3–53P2 transition) spontaneous radiation from the lower laser level of a Cd I pulse laser. The level-crossing signal had a profile close to the difference between two Lorentzian profiles, one of which was due to the decay of the upper laser level and the other to the decay of the lower laser level. The lifetimes of these levels and the cross sections of the depolarizing collisions with neon were determined.
Hanle effect studies using circularly polarized laser beam and linearly polarized laser beam were carried out. Lifetimes, orientation and alignment destruction cross sections were measured for the 5 d 33 , 6 p 22 and 6 p 01 excited levels of xenon. The observed ratio of orientational cross section to alignment cross section for Xe–Xe scattering was 1.1±0.4 for the 5 d 33 level, and 0.55±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. The ratio for Xe–He scattering was 0.8±0.2 for the 5 d 33 level and 0.6±0.2 for the 6 p 22 level. They are compared with those calculated by Wang and Tomlinson. The observed radiative lifetime was 520±30 ns for the 5 d 33 level, 35±2 ns for the 6 p 22 level and 37±4 ns for the 6 p 01 level. The decay rate of the 5 d 33 level observed in the coherence transfer with spontaneous emission is consistent with the width of the Mania signal.
The theory of the cascade level-crossing effect as formulated by Happer is evaluated for zero-nuclear-spin atomic systems and extended to include the case of a polarized initial state. We have used this theory to interpret our cascade-Hanle-effect results (zero-field level crossings) to obtain the lifetime of the two resonance levels, 1s2(1P1)1{s}_{2}(^{1}P_{1})1s2​(1P1​) and 1s4(3P1)1{s}_{4}(^{3}P_{1})1s4​(3P1​), of the 2p53s2{p}^{5}3s2p53s configuration of neon. The resonance lines 744 \AA{} ($1{s}_{4}\ensuremath{-}^{1}S_{0}$) and 736 \AA{} ($1{s}_{2}\ensuremath{-}^{1}S_{0}$) are produced in the cascade to the ground 1S0^{1}S_{0}1S0​ state when a beam of metastable 1s3(3P0)1{s}_{3}(^{3}P_{0})1s3​(3P0​) and 1s5(3P2)1{s}_{5}(^{3}P_{2})1s5​(3P2​) neon atoms is excited by selected lines of the $2{p}^{5}3s\ensuremath{-}2{p}^{5}3p$ transition array. Our results are $\ensuremath{\tau}(1{s}_{2})=1.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16$ nsec and $\ensuremath{\tau}(1{s}_{4})=20.5\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.5$ nsec.
We measure and simulate numerically the Hanle effect and non-zero field level crossing signals in 85 Rb and 87 Rb atoms in a magnetic field at room temperature. Diode laser radiation from 4 mW cm −2 to 3.3 W cm −2 tuned to the D 2 absorption line of each isotope excites atoms into all the excited-state hyperfine levels simultaneously inside the unresolved Doppler profile. Polarization fluorescence detection is used to observe dark and bright resonances, as well as non-zero field level crossing resonances, for several excitation lines. A broad spectral line excitation model is applied to analyse the measured signals. The non-linear Zeeman effect is included in the model for both ground and excited states. Although the applied magnetic field does not exceed 80 G, several hyperfine levels of the excited state show a substantial deviation from the linear Zeeman effect.
Energy pooling collisions of two cadmium atoms in the state 5s5p3P15s5p{}^{3}{P}_{1}5s5p3P1​ have been investigated under pulsed laser excitation and cross sections have been measured for the production of atoms in the 5s5d3DJ5s5d{}^{3}{D}_{J}5s5d3DJ​ states. We have obtained the values $(1.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, $(1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, and $(0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ cm2{}^{2}2 for J=1,2,3J=1,2,3J=1,2,3, respectively. The effects of the radiation trapping phenomenon, important both in the cross-section determination and in the evaluation of the Cd atom density in the sealed cell used in the experiment, have been taken into account through numerical solutions of the radiation diffusion equation in the specific conditions of our experiment.
The authors have investigated the zero-field level crossing lineshape in resonance absorption. A single-mode HeNe laser beam at 633 nm is applied to an external neon-gas absorption cell in a longitudinal magnetic field. They compare the measured lineshapes with theoretical predictions. Two superposed nonlinear Lorentzian-shaped resonances, known as the population effect of the 2p 4 -3s 2 transition and the Zeeman coherence effect of the lower 2p 4 level, appear on the background caused by the inhomogeneous broadening. Taking into account the background and the power broadening the authors obtain the linewidths at zero pressure gamma (2p 4 ,3s 2 )=(7.7+or-2.1) MHz and gamma (2p 4 )=(8.4+or-1.2) MHz. For the neon pressure broadening the authors get for pressures below 200 Pa (1.5 Torr) d gamma (2p 4 ,3s 2 )/dp=0.20+or-0.02 MHz Pa -1 and d(2p 4 )/dp=0.040+or-0.007 MHz Pa -1 . Their values are in acceptable agreement with the values obtained with other spectroscopic methods.