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AIP conference proceedings

Energy pooling collisions in pure cadmium vapors

S. Barsotti, F. Fuso, A. F. Molisch, M. Allegrini

Published Jan 1, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have investigated energy pooling processes in pure Cadmium vapors excited by a pulsed laser beam resonant with the Cd(51S0)→Cd(53P1) intercombination transition. Starting from the measured fluorescence intensities, we have determined the cross sections for the processes populating the 53Dj levels using a rate equation system and accounting for the radiation trapping phenomenon.

DOI
10.1063/1.51840

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Journal of Atomic and Molecular Physics•Jan 1, 2007•0 citations
We have investigated energy pooling processes in pure Cadmium vapors excited by a pulsed laser beam resonant with the Cd(51S0)→Cd(53P1) intercombination transition. Starting from the measured fluorescence intensities, we have determined the cross sections for the processes populating the 53Dj levels using a rate equation system and accounting for the radiation trapping phenomenon.
Energy pooling collisions of two cadmium atoms in the state 5s5p3P15s5p{}^{3}{P}_{1}5s5p3P1​ have been investigated under pulsed laser excitation and cross sections have been measured for the production of atoms in the 5s5d3DJ5s5d{}^{3}{D}_{J}5s5d3DJ​ states. We have obtained the values $(1.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, $(1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$, and $(0.7\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ cm2{}^{2}2 for J=1,2,3J=1,2,3J=1,2,3, respectively. The effects of the radiation trapping phenomenon, important both in the cross-section determination and in the evaluation of the Cd atom density in the sealed cell used in the experiment, have been taken into account through numerical solutions of the radiation diffusion equation in the specific conditions of our experiment.
Collisional transfer of excitation energy from cadmium to caesium was investigated using methods of sensitized fluorescence. A mixture of cadmium and caesium vapors at low pressure was irradiated with Cd 3263.0 Å resonance radiation producing a population of Cd (53P1) atoms whose inelastic collisions with ground-state Cs atoms resulted in a transfer of excitation energy to a close-lying S, P, D and F states in caesium. The subsequent decay of these states manifested itself in the emission of sensitized fluorescence spectrum. Intensity measurements on the components of the spectrum by means of energy calibrated detector yielded some 50 cross-section values whose magnitudes range from 0.2 Å2 to 30.0 Å2 and which exhibit a pronounced resonances with ΔE the energy defect between Cd (53P1) and the appropriate level in caesium.
Using resonance excitation of the lithium 2p atomic level in a lithium-cadmium vapor mixture we observed cadmium atomic transitions from very high levels. Time dependent fluorescence intensity from various lithium and cadmium atomic levels is measured. Solving a system of 11 rate equations simulates the time evolutions of corresponding atom densities in the lithium and cadmium atomic energy levels. From the best fit we estimate rate coefficient for radiative collision Li(2p)+Cd(51S0)+hν670.8 forming Li(2s)+Cd(53P0).
Using the resonance 2s-2p excitation of the Li atom in a lithium-cadmium vapour mixture we observed cadmium atoms excited to very high energy levels such as 6s 3 S 1 , 5d 3 D J and 6p 1 P 1 . As the main excitation process we propose radiative collisions between excited lithium and ground state cadmium atoms followed by an energy-pooling collision between Cd( 3 P J ) atoms. The temporal evolution of intensities of selected lithium and cadmium atomic lines is simulated using a system of rate equations. We estimated the rate coefficient for the radiative collision Li(2p) + Cd(5 1 S 0 ) + h ν 670.8 nm + Δ E →Li(2s) + Cd(5 3 P 0 ), to be 6×10 -10 cm 3 s -1 at T = 965 K.
Using resonance excitation of the lithium 2p atomic level in a lithium-cadmium vapor mixture we observed cadmium atomic transitions from very high levels. Time dependent fluorescence intensity from various lithium and cadmium atomic levels is measured. Solving a system of 11 rate equations simulates the time evolutions of corresponding atom densities in the lithium and cadmium atomic energy levels. From the best fit we estimate rate coefficient for radiative collision Li(2p)+Cd(51S0)+hν670.8 forming Li(2s)+Cd(53P0).
Using stepwise excitation of the cesium 8S atoms level in Cs vapor,several collisional and radiative processes have been identified from the intensities and spectra of the Cs fluorescence.The 5D state was populated by 8S→7P→5D transitions.In cesium densities 1016-1017?cm-3,the energy pooling collisions 5D+5D→nL+6S(nL=9D,11S,7F are studied.Since the 5D→6P(3.0-3.6 μm) fluorescence could not be detected with this experiment,the EP rate coefficients have been measured relative to the known rate coefficient of the collision,i.e.,6P+5D→6S+7D.The excited-atom density and spatial distribution were mapped by monitoring the absorption of a counterpropagating single-mode laser beam,tuned to 6P3/2→8S1/2 transition,which could be translated parallel to the pump beam.The excited atom densities are combined with measured fluorescene ratios to determine cross sections for the cesium energy pooling process.The average values(in units of 10-10?cm3s-1) for nL=9D,11S and 7F are 8.4±4.2,7.3±3.6,and 9.7±4.8,respectively.Influence on k11S and k7F of the energy transfer process 11S+6S7F+6S is also dicussed.