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Quantum Electronics

Change in the refractive index of a photorefractive crystal during formation of a spatially screened soliton

S. A. Asselborn, Наталия Дмитриевна Кундикова, Igor' V Novikov

Published Feb 28, 2010• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A change in the refractive index of a photorefractive barium-sodium niobate crystal in an alternating electric field during the propagation of intensity-modulated coherent radiation in it is studied. It is shown experimentally that a change in the refractive index in the soliton regime in a photorefractive crystal with a small nonlocal response is independent of the external-field amplitude and intensity-modulation depth.

DOI
10.1070/qe2010v040n02abeh014229

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A change in the refractive index of a photorefractive barium-sodium niobate crystal in an alternating electric field during the propagation of intensity-modulated coherent radiation in it is studied. It is shown experimentally that a change in the refractive index in the soliton regime in a photorefractive crystal with a small nonlocal response is independent of the external-field amplitude and intensity-modulation depth.
The propagation of a light beam in a photorefractive crystal in an alternating meander electric field is studied. A nonlinear equation is obtained for a spatial charge field formed in the crystal upon modulation of the light intensity synchronously with the applied electric field. It is established theoretically that the spatial charge field has two components, which make contributions to different mechanisms of a photoresponse providing self-focusing and the appearance of spatial solitons, as well as the trajectory self-bending. The conditions are found at which the soliton regime is realised and parameters affecting this regime in a greater extent are determined.
Light-induced change in the index of refraction of a Kerr medium is well known.1 Illumination with a spatially periodic light intensity leads to the formation of an index grating in the Kerr medium. We make a comparative study of the response time and power requirement for index grating formation in photorefractive and Kerr media. We examine the conditions in which the index grating in the Kerr medium will be spatially shifted from the light intensity that induces it. Two-beam coupling via Bragg diffraction from the nonlocal index grating is studied.2 The coupling constant is found to depend on the relaxation mechanism of the atoms in the Kerr media and the frequency detunings of the two beams from the line center.
The coherent interaction of Gaussian light beams polarised parallel to the [1 0] direction in a cubic optically active photorefractive crystal with the ( 0) cut is studied in an electric field applied to the crystal in the [00 ] direction. The effect of optical activity on the interaction of the light beams with the phase difference Δ =0, π/2, and π is theoretically studied. It is shown that, while a change in the intensity of a combined light beam at Δ =0 caused by the influence of optical activity in a 9-mm thick Bi 12 TiO 20 crystal is comparatively small (less than 8%), this change achieves 36% in the crystal of thickness 18 mm. The interaction of orthogonally polarised beams in this crystal is considered. It is found that, although the optical activity of the crystal results in the appearance of the 'breathing effect', a soliton-like nature of the combined beam is preserved. The results obtained can be used for the address positioning of soliton-like light beams.