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Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Single Photon Emission from Individual Nitrogen Pairs in GaP

Michio Ikezawa, Yoshiki Sakuma, Yasuaki Masumoto

Published Sep 14, 2007• 38 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Luminescence from single isoelectronic traps in nitrogen δ-doped gallium phosphide was studied by micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy. These single traps were found to emit photons that were nearly identical in both emission energy and brightness. Furthermore, single photon emission from a single nitrogen pair is confirmed by a strong antibunching under continuous optical excitation at 30 K. These results imply that single nitrogen pairs in GaP might be useful for realizing unique sources of energetically-defined single photons, and even indistinguishable photons.

DOI
10.1143/jjap.46.l871

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Luminescence from single isoelectronic traps in nitrogen δ-doped gallium phosphide was studied by micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy. These single traps were found to emit photons that were nearly identical in both emission energy and brightness. Furthermore, single photon emission from a single nitrogen pair is confirmed by a strong antibunching under continuous optical excitation at 30 K. These results imply that single nitrogen pairs in GaP might be useful for realizing unique sources of energetically-defined single photons, and even indistinguishable photons.
We studied optical properties of isoelectronic traps in nitrogen δ-doped GaAs by micro-photoluminescence (µ-PL) spectroscopy. We found that these nitrogen impurity centers (NNA) emit photons with nearly identical emission energy at 1475 meV and polarization direction. Furthermore, single photon generation from a single impurity center was confirmed by a strong photon antibunching under the continuous optical excitation at 5 K. Our results suggest that the nitrogen impurity center in GaAs might be well suited for the energetically-defined single photon source for the quantum information application.
We studied optical properties of isoelectronic traps in nitrogen δ-doped GaAs by micro-photoluminescence (µ-PL) spectroscopy. We found that these nitrogen impurity centers (NNA) emit photons with nearly identical emission energy at 1475 meV and polarization direction. Furthermore, single photon generation from a single impurity center was confirmed by a strong photon antibunching under the continuous optical excitation at 5 K. Our results suggest that the nitrogen impurity center in GaAs might be well suited for the energetically-defined single photon source for the quantum information application.
We report visible single-photon emission from a nitrogen impurity center in AlAs grown on GaAs(001). Sharp emission lines are observed at 2.1–2.2 eV, below the X-conduction bandedge of AlAs from N δ-doped AlAs. The quadratic increase in the photoluminescence intensity with the N concentration reveals that the nitrogen impurity centers consist of NN pairs. Polarization analysis reveals that the peak at 2.191 eV consists of different pair configurations, while the peak at 2.165 eV contains only a single pair configuration along the 〈110〉 direction. Photon correlation measurement gives the second-order correlation function g(2)(0) = 0.33, demonstrating single-photon statistics in emissions from an NN pair.
We demonstrate the generation of triggered single photons at a predetermined and well defined energy using the radiative recombination of single nitrogen-bound excitons in a semiconductor. The nitrogen atoms are embedded in a ZnSe quantum well structure and were excited by nonresonant optical pumping (82 MHz) at low temperature (4 K). We find resolution-limited photoluminescence lines (280 micro eV) which display photon antibunching under continuous optical pumping. Our results also suggest that single nitrogen-bound excitons are well suited for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments.
We report the first observation of photon antibunching in the photoluminescence from single carbon nanotubes. The emergence of a fast luminescence decay component under strong optical excitation indicates that Auger processes are partially responsible for inhibiting two-photon generation. Additionally, the presence of exciton localization at low temperatures ensures that nanotubes emit photons predominantly one by one. The fact that multiphoton emission probability can be smaller than 5% suggests that carbon nanotubes could be used as a source of single photons for applications in quantum cryptography.
Lanthanoid (Ln)-doped Gallium Nitride (GaN) have attracted attentions because of their high intensity luminescence and sharp room-temperature (RT) optical linewidth. These superior luminescent properties are quite attractive for the application of single photon source (SPS) which is a key technology for quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum key distribution. However, one of the challenges to realize Ln-doped GaN SPS is the long luminescent transition lifetime, resulting in the low photon counts insufficient to optically detect isolated single Ln ions. Confinement of luminescent centers into nanometersized regions is an effective method to enhance their photon emission and we here we show that confinement into GaN nanopillars enhances photon emission from implanted praseodymium (Pr) ions at RT.