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IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

Scattering parameter and bit error rate characterization of high temperature superconducting coplanar transmission lines

J. Kruse, W.H. Chang, D.R. Scherrer, F. Gao, Milton Feng, M. J. Scharen, Albert Humirang Cardona, Roger J. Forse

Published Jan 1, 1995• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the gigahertz experimental results of time and frequency performance on YBCO high temperature superconductor (HTS) and gold coplanar transmission lines. An on-wafer direct probing measurement system was used to collect data at cryogenic temperatures on both YBCO and gold coplanar lines. The insertion loss of the 6-cm lines at a frequency of 3.0 GHz was measured to be -0.12 dB for the superconducting line compared to -10.7 dB for the gold line at 80 K. Error rate and eye-diagram measurements were performed on the packaged lines and show the correlation between the insertion loss of the line and the attenuation of a Pseudo Random Bit Sequence (PBRS). The superconducting line measured at 77 K had a BER rate of less than 10/sup -11/ at a data rate of 3 Gb/s. The measured eye height was 350 mV for the YBCO compared to 100 mV for a gold line at 3 Gb/s and a temperature of 77 K for the packaged 6-cm lines.

DOI
10.1109/77.482143

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We report the gigahertz experimental results of time and frequency performance on YBCO high-temperature superconductor and gold coplanar transmission lines. An on-wafer direct probing measurement system was used to collect data at cryogenic temperatures on both YBCO and gold coplanar lines. The insertion loss of the 6 cm lines at a frequency of 2.5 GHz was measured to be −0.03 dB for the superconducting line compared to −10.4 dB for the gold line at 80 K. Eye-diagram measurements were performed on the packaged lines and show the correlation between the insertion loss of the line and the attenuation of a pseudorandom bit sequence. The measured eye height was 170 mV for the YBCO compared to 90 mV for a gold line at 1 Gbit/s and a temperature of 77 K for the packaged 6 cm lines.
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This paper reports the design, fabrication, and measurements of optically tunable superconducting microwave resonators and delay lines. The devices are comprised of superconducting coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission lines fabricated from a 100 nm-thick YBCO film, interrupted by 3- and 5-m YBCO meander structures of the same thickness on top of an LAO substrate. The CPW is tested at 77 K up to a frequency of 50 GHz, where it exhibits a transmission loss of about 0.12 dB/mm. The measurements are done in a cryogenic microwave probe station, where all the calibrations have been performed at 77 K. It has been observed that the resonance frequencies of the superconducting resonators can be changed by more than 2 GHz under the optical illumination at a wavelength of 1550 nm. The delay lines also exhibit a phase retardation of up to 90 at the same operating conditions.
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The application of high temperature superconductor (HTS) Josephson junctions in digital rapid single flux quantum circuits requires a careful study of the influence of thermal noise on the bit error rate (BER). We have determined experimentally, for the first time, the BER of a HTS rapid single flux quantum circuit. A comparator, formed by two Josephson junctions, was integrated in a Josephson transmission line ring oscillator, allowing us to perform high speed testing of the comparator at GHz frequencies. For fabrication, focused-electron-beam-irradiated junctions have been used because of their small parameter spread and excellent alignment possibilities. A BER of less than 10−11 was obtained at 39 K.